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Board Review - B - Microbiology > Clinical Bacteriology II > Flashcards

Clinical Bacteriology II Flashcards

1
Q

botulism

A

clostridium botulinum
heat labile toxin - inhibit ACh release - at NMJ
flaccid paralysis
floppy baby

canned food and honey (kids)

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2
Q

honey in kids

A

botulism - spore ingestion

floppy baby

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3
Q

canned food in adults

A

botulism - preformed toxin ingestion

flaccid paralysis

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4
Q

tx botulism

A

antitoxin

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5
Q

gas gangrene

A

clostridium perfringes

alpha toxin - mynecorsis and hemolysis

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6
Q

pseudomembranous colitis

A

clostridum dificile infection

two toxins
A - bind brush border of gut
B - cytoskeletal disruption - actin depolymer - pseudomembranous formation

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7
Q

secondary to antibiotic use

A

C. dif

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8
Q

tx of C. dif

A

metrondiazole

oral vancomycin

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9
Q

anthrax

A

bacillus anthracis

gram positive spore forming rod

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10
Q

polypeptide capsule bacteria

A

only one - bacillus anthracis - D-glutamate

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11
Q

cutaneous anthrax

A

painless papule surrounded by vesicle - ulcer with black eschar

bacillus anthracis

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12
Q

pulmonary anthrax

A

inhale spores
-flu-like sx - rapid progress to fever, pulmonary hemorrhage, mediastinitis, shock

death

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13
Q

nausea and vomit after eating rice

A

bacillus cereus

nausea and vomiting 1-5 hours - preformed toxin cereulid

diarrhea watery, nonbloody, within 8-18 hours

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14
Q

cereulide

A

preformed toxin bacillus cereus

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15
Q

rocket tails

A

actin polymer - with listeria monocytogenes

-allow intracellular movement and cell to cell spread

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16
Q

listeria monocytogenes

A

facultative intracellular

unpasteurized dairy, cold deli meat, transplacental, vaginal during birth

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17
Q

meningitis with listeria

A

infant, immunocompromised, elderly

tx - ampicillin

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18
Q

actinomyces class

A

long branch filament
gram positive anaerobe
not acid fast
normal oral flora

oral facial abscess drain through sinus tracts - yellow sulfur granules

tx - PCN

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19
Q

nocardia class

A

long branching filament
gram positive aerobe
acid fast
found in soil

pulm infection in immunocompromised
cutaneous infection after trauma - immunocompetent

tx - sulfonamides

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20
Q

tx of actinomyces

A

PCN

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21
Q

tx of nocardia

A

sulfonamides

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22
Q

ghon complex

A

primary TB
-lower to mid zones of lung

also see hilar nodes with primary TB

heals - by fibrosis

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23
Q

secondary TB

A

fibrocaseous cavitary lesion - upper lung lobe

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24
Q

pott disease

A

TB to vertebral body

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25
Q

miliary TB

A

disseminated - severe bacteremia

often to death

26
Q

tuberculosis

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

27
Q

mycobacterium avium intracellulare

A

disseminated non-TB disease in AIDS pt

CD4

28
Q

prophylactic tx for mycobacterium avium intracellulare

29
Q

hand infection aquarium handler

A

mycobacterium marinum

30
Q

hansen disease

A

leprosy

mycobaterium leprae

acid fast - likes cool temps - infect skin and superficial nerves

31
Q

armadillo

32
Q

2 forms of leprosy

A

1 - lepromatous - skin, leonine lion like facis - is communicable
-Th2 response

2 - tuberculoid - hairless skin plaque
-Th1 response

33
Q

tx of leprosy

A

dapsone and rifampin - tuberculoid form

clofazimine added - lepromatous form

34
Q

campylobacter jejuni class

A

gram negative
oxidase positive
comma shaped
grow at 42C

35
Q

vibrio cholera class

A

gram negative
oxidase positive
comma shaped
grow in alkaline media

36
Q

h. pylori class

A

gram negative
oxidase positive
comma shaped
produce urea

37
Q

neisseria meningitidis class

A

gram negative diplococci

maltose fermenter

38
Q

meisseria gonorrhea class

A

gram negative diplococci

maltose nonfermenter

39
Q

maltose

A

determine neisseria

meningitidis - maltose fermenter
gonorrhea - maltose nonfermenter

40
Q

h flu class

A

gram negative coccoid rod

41
Q

pasteurella class

A

gram negative coccoid rod

42
Q

brucella class

A

gram negative coccoid rod

43
Q

bordetella pertussis class

A

gram negative coccoid rod

44
Q

pseudomonas class

A

gram negative rod
lactose nonfermenter
oxidase positive

45
Q

klebsiella class

A

gram negative rod

lactose fermenter - fast

46
Q

E. coli class

A

gram negative rod

lactose fermenter - fast

47
Q

salmonella class

A

gram negative rod
lactose nonfermenter
oxidase negative
produce H2S

48
Q

proteus class

A

gram negative rod
lactose nonfermenter
oxidase negative
produce H2S

49
Q

yersinia class

A

gram negative rod
lactose nonfermenter
oxidase negative
produce H2S

50
Q

shigella class

A

gram negative rod
lactose nonfermenter
oxidase negative
no H2S production

51
Q

tx of gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone

and azithromycin or doxycycline - for chlamydial coinfection

52
Q

tx of neonatal conjunctivitis

A

often with gonococci infection

eyedrops - erythromycin drops

53
Q

tx of meningococcus

A

ceftriaxone or PCN G

54
Q

maltose fermenation

A

neisseria meningitidis

55
Q

waterhouse friedrichson syndrome

A

neisseria meningitidis

56
Q

fitz hugh curtis syndrome

A

neisseria gonorrhea

57
Q

h flu

A

IgA protease

58
Q

chocolate agar

A

culture h. flu

-factor V and X

59
Q

cherry red epiglottitis in children

60
Q

tx mucosal infection of h. flu

A

amoxicillin +/- clavulanate

61
Q

tx meningitis with h. flu

A

ceftriaxone

rifampin prophylaxis - close contacts

62
Q

disease with h. flu

A

epiglottitis
meningitis
otitis media
pneumonia

Board Review - B - Microbiology (16 decks)

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