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Board Review - B - Microbiology > Basic Bacteriology I > Flashcards

Basic Bacteriology I Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

MOA penicillin

A

bind and inhibit transpeptidase

-inhibit crosslinking peptidoglycan layer

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2
Q

transpeptidase

A

PCN binding protein

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3
Q

lipid A

A

induces TNF and IL-1

O polysaccharide is antigen

endotoxin - lipid A

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4
Q

protein synthesis in bacteria

A

50S and 30S ribosomes

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5
Q

gram negative

A

appear blue

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6
Q

gram negative

A

appear red

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7
Q

plasmid in bacteria

A

contains genes for antibiotic resistance, enzymes, toxins

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8
Q

bacillus anthracis capsule

A

D-glutamate

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9
Q

glycocalyx

A

mediate adherence in bacteria - to foreign surface - indwelling catheter

loose network of polysaccharides

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10
Q

unique to gram positive

A

lipotechoic acid

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11
Q

unique to gram negative

A

porin
endotoxin - LPS - outer membrane
periplasmic space - location of beta-lactamase

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12
Q

outer membrane of gram negative

A

has LPS - endotoxin

O polysaccharide - antigen
lipid A - induce TNF and IL1

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13
Q

gram positive cell wall

A

outer to inner

thick peptidoglycan
cytoplasmic membrane

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14
Q

gram negative cell wall

A

outer to inner

outer membrane - with LPS
thin peptidoglycan layer
periplasmic space
cytoplasmic membrane

also - has porins

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15
Q

gram + cocci

A

staph
strep
enterococcus

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16
Q

gram - cocci

A

moraxella catarrhalis
neisseria

both - diplococci

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17
Q

gram + rod spore formers

A

bacillus

clostridum

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18
Q

gram + rod non-spore formers

A

cornybacterium

listeria

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19
Q

short rod

A

coccobacilli

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20
Q

mycoplasma cell wall

A

only simple cell membrane

-don’t stain gram + or -

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21
Q

mycobacterium stain

A

weakly gram +

stain acid fast

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22
Q

enteric gram - rods

A 
live in GI tract
bacteroides
campylobacter
E. coli
enterobacter
helicobacter
klebsiella
proteus
pseudomonas
salmonella
shigella
serratia
vibrio
yersinia
23
Q

respiratory gram - rods

A

bordetella
haemophilus
legionella

24
Q

silver stain

A

legionella

25
Q

zoonotic gram - rods

A

bartonella
brucella
francisella
pasteurella

26
Q

other gram + rods

A

gardnerella
lactobacillus
mycobacterium
propionibacterium

27
Q

branching filament gram +

A

actimoyces

nocardia

28
Q

obligate intracellular gram -

A

chlamydia and rickettsia

29
Q

spiral gram -

A

spirochetes

borrelia, leptospira, and treponema

30
Q

no cell wall

A

mycoplasma

ureaplasma

31
Q

dark field microscopy

A

treponema - too thin to be visualized on gram stain

32
Q

mycobacterium gram stain

A

high lipid content

mycolic acid in cell wall - detected by carbolfuschin in acid-fast stain

33
Q

giemsa stain

A 
chlamydia
borrelia
rickettsia
trypanosome
plasmodium
34
Q

PAS stain

A

stain glycogen

diagnosis of whipple disease - tropheryma whipplei

35
Q

ziehl neesen stain

A

carbol fuschin

acid fast - nocardia and mycobacterium
protozoa

36
Q

india ink stain

A

cryptococcus neoformans

37
Q

silver stain

A

fungi
legionella
H. pylori

38
Q

intracellular parasite bacteria

A

gram stain doesn’t work

chlamydia and rickettsia

39
Q

chocolate agar

A

h. flu

40
Q

thayer martin agar

A

stain neisseria - gonorrhea and meningitis

vancomycin - inhibit gram +
trimethoprim
colistin - inhibit gram - except neisseria
nystatin - inhibit fungi

41
Q

borget-gengou agar

A

bordetella pertussis

42
Q

tellurite agar

A

c. diptheria

43
Q

lowenstein jensen agar

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

44
Q

eaton agar

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

requires cholesterol

45
Q

macconkey agar

A

lactose fermenting enterics

fermentation produces acid - causes colonies to turn pink

46
Q

charcoal yeast extract agar buffered wth cystein and iron

A

legionella

47
Q

sabouraud agar

A

fungi

48
Q

EMB agar

A

E. coli

eosin methylene blue

green metallic sheen

49
Q

aerobes

A

use O2 dependent systems - generate ATP

-nocardia, pseudomonas aeruginosa, m. tuberculosis

50
Q

reactivation TB location

A

apices of lung

-highest O2

51
Q

anaerobes

A

fusobacterium, clostridium, bacteriodes, actinomyces
-lack catalase and superoxide dismutase - oxidative damage

aminoglycosides - don’t work - require O2 to enter bacterial cell

52
Q

catalase

A

2H2O2 > 2H2O + O2

53
Q

superoxide dismutase

A

O2- + O2- + 2H+ > H2O2 + O2

54
Q

periplasmic flagella

A

in spirochetes

-run sideways along outer membrane sheath

Board Review - B - Microbiology (16 decks)

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