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D&T2 Exam 1 > Viral infections of CNS > Flashcards

Viral infections of CNS Flashcards

1
Q

What type of genetic material is in PIcornavirdiae

A

single stranded naked RNA

positive polarity

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2
Q

Which Picornaviridae viruses are acid stable? which one is not acid stable

A

enteroviruses

rhinoviruses are not acid stable

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3
Q

Besides having CNS problems, what other problems occur from enteroviruses

A

respiratory
intestinal
carditis

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4
Q

what is the reservoir for Poliovirus

A

only man

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5
Q

what is the primary route for poliovirus

A

alimentary tract –> lymphoid Peyer’s patch –> blood virermia–> CNS

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6
Q

what is the minor route for poliovirus

A

after a tonsillectomy ( exposed nerve endings )

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7
Q

what part of the CNS does poliovirus impact

A

cerebellar
vestibular nuclei
anterior horn of spinal cord

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8
Q

vast majority of inapparent polio infections occurs in who

A

young individuals 90%

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9
Q

what are symptoms for abortive poliomyelitis

A

fever, malaise, headache, vomiting, sore throat

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10
Q

symptoms for non-paralytic polio CNS disease ( aseptic meningitis) ? how does it enter CNS

A

stiffness and pain in neck and back; crosses fenestrated endothelial cells at choroid plexus

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11
Q

who is most likely to get paralytic polio

A

teenagers and young adults

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12
Q

what happens in paralytic polio

A

spinal, bulbar - flaccid paralysis- changes in voluntary muscles

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13
Q

what is the spectrum for levels of flaccid paralysis

A
  • asymmetric paralysis with no sensory loss
  • localized flaccid paralysis
  • multiples sites ( arms and legs affected)
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14
Q

what are some factors that potentially impact polio

A

viral serotype
quantity
tissue specificity

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15
Q

what is the range of recovery following flaccid paralysis

A
  • full recovery
  • residual paralysis
  • death ( bulbar poliomyelitis)
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16
Q

what is the age factor for polio

A

earlier exposure less paralysis

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17
Q

early exposure to poliovirus in developing countries and low socioeconomic conditions yields what type of polio virus

A

inapparent or abortive infections

18
Q

what are the two types of vaccine for polio

A

Salk ( killed)

Sabin ( live attenuated)

19
Q

which vaccine should a doctor pay more attention to due to issues that may arise for polio

A

Sabin (live attenuated)

“vaccine-associated” paralysis

20
Q

what are the 3 remaining major reservoirs of natural polio

A
  1. Pakistan/Afghanistan
  2. northern india
  3. nigeria
21
Q

what is National Immunization Day

A

susceptible children in whole country will be vaccinated by door to door canvassing

22
Q

what was the scare for vaccine recommendations

A
  • live vaccine would mutate to neurovirulence
  • excrete into environment
  • cause paralytic disease
23
Q

what type of virus is recommended in the US

A

inactivated polio virus

Salk Killed

24
Q

after Jan-Dec 2010 IPV ( inactivated polio virus) should be administered to who and how

A

for all children via a 4 shot series

25
Q

who does not get oral Sabin vaccine

A

immunocomprosed

26
Q

what is the intestinal immunity for Sabin and Salk

A

Sabin IgA and IgG

Salk only IgG

27
Q

what is the composition of Sabin and Salk

A

trivalent

28
Q

what is the inhibition of efficacy of the Sabin vaccine

A

interference by other enteroviruses inhibitors is gut of children

29
Q

what is the CSF fluid content for polio virus

A

increased leukocytes
lacks neutrophils
increased protein
glucose normal

30
Q

how do you test for the type of polio

A

serology testing
antibody and antigen test
immunofluoresence
ELISA

31
Q

what test is used for routine testing of a number of different enterovirurses

A

Reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR

32
Q

how does a doctor isolate the polio virus

A

rectal or pharyngeal swabs found in throat and stools before clinical illness

33
Q

what is a clinical difference between Coxsackievirus group A and HSV gingivostomatitis

A

group A: vesicular pharyngitis, posterior throat enanthem

HSV: lesions throughout oral cavity

34
Q

what are clinical symptoms for Coxackievirus group A

A

aseptic meningitis: stiff neck/back

petechiae/ rash

35
Q

what is the recovery for aseptic meningitis from group A

A

uneventful

36
Q

what is the leading infecious cause of aspectic meningitis in US

A

non-polio entervirus

37
Q

what disease is associated with Group A

A

hand, foot, mouth disease

38
Q

the “new” enterovirus type 71 has what clinical symptoms

A

paralytic disease, ecephalitis

39
Q

who usually gets group B coxvirus and major clinical symptoms

A

aseptic meningitis

neonatal disease

40
Q

echoviruses occurs during what time of the yar and clinical appearnce

A

summer aseptic meningitis

41
Q

what type of echoviruses is found in the CSF

A

11

D&T2 Exam 1 (22 decks)

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