Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

D&T2 Exam 1 > Anxiolytics Drugs - Egleton > Flashcards

Anxiolytics Drugs - Egleton Flashcards

1
Q

what part of the brain is involved with fear

A

amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what part of the brain is involved with worry

A

cortico-striato-thalamo-cortico loop circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the first line of drugs to treat anxiety

A

SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 2nd line of drugs to treat anxiety

A

TCA

Benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

SSRI is commonly used in what medical condition

A

depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is SSRI used for

A
  • treatment of anxiety disorders

- PTSD: reduces flashbacks, arousal, and avoidance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the onset of action for SSRI

A

2-4 weeks

slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are sides effects of SSRI

A

Jitters potentially some increased anxiety initially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name a SNRI drug

A

Venflaxine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are SNRI commonly used to treat

A

depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a difference between SNRI and SSRI

A

SSRI: serotonin
SNRI: serotonin and NE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is SNRI used for

A

treatment of most anxiety disorders
PTSD: reduce flashbacks, arousal, and avoidance
Co-morbid pain disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the onset for SNRI to start working

A

very slow

2-4 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a side effect of SNRI

A

jitters, potentially some increased anxiety initially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are jitters

A

paradoxical increase in anxiety, restlessness, insomnia in first weeks of drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how can jitter problem be fixed with SSRI and SNRi

A

take with Benzodiazepine for short term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name two SSRI drugs

A

Fluoxetine

Sertraline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Imipramine is used when and what type of drug

A

second line

TCA ( tricyclic antidepressant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is Imipramine used for

A

GAD

panic disorders if SNRI and SSRI are ineffective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Benzodiazepines MOA

A

enhance GABA binding to GABA receptor

  • increase frequency of opening channel
  • increases Cl- flux into cell
  • hyper polarizes
  • inhibition of cell acitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

GABA initiates signaling from where

A

amygdala

cortico-striato-thalamo-cortico-loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Benzodiazepines have different levels of CNS effects. what are they

A
  1. relief of anxiety
  2. sleep induction
  3. anesthetic effects
  4. coma and death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

when is coma and death seen with Benzodiazepines

A

in conjunction with other depressants like Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

At what dose does Benzodiazepines have respiratory effects

A

Anesthetic dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does Benzodiazepines have cardiovascular effects

A

none, except at high doses

26
Q

Benzodiazepines are very soluble in what

A

lipids

27
Q

how does Benzodiazepines work in the GI

A

completely absorbed

- antacids prevent absorption

28
Q

how does Benzodiazepines effect pregnant women

A

crosses placenta

secreted into breast milk

29
Q

how does the hepatic metabolism impact Benzodiazepines

A
  • active metabolites generated

- 1/2 life of active metabolites is higher then parent compound

30
Q

explain phase I , II, III of active metabolism of Benzodiazepones

A

I: initial oxidation step, quickest reaction.Inhibited by cimetidine.
II: Hydroxylation at R3 to yield another active metabolite, slowest reaction
III: Glucuronidation followed by urinary excretion

31
Q

Which Benzodiazepones are useful for patients with liver disease

A

Oxazepam

Lorazepam

32
Q

what are the most common side effects of Benzodiazepones

A

Drowsiness and confusion

33
Q

what is a anesthesia side of effect of Benzodiazepones

A

anterograde amnesia

forget experience 1-3 hours after dose

34
Q

what is a side effect of Benzodiazepone

A

rebound… dose tapering required for short half-life drugs

35
Q

Benzodiazepone have what drug interaction and can this lead to

A

alcohol and other depressants

- respiratory depression and death

36
Q

what Benzodiazepone drugs should be given to elderly and why

A

Lorazepam and Oxazepam

1/3 or 1/2 dose should be given

37
Q

What Benzodiazepone drugs should not be given to COPD patients

A

Midazolam

38
Q

how does Benzodiazepone drug impact obstructive sleep apnea

A

muscle relaxant of Benzodiazepone

39
Q

what happens in alcohol and Sedative-hypnotic mixed withBenzodiazepone

A

respiratory depression

40
Q

what Benzodiazepone drugs should not be given to pregnant women

A

Chlordiazepoxide

diazepam

41
Q

what kind of dependence can occur with Benzodiazepone

A

physcial

42
Q

what are frequent withdrawal symptoms of benzodizepone

A

anxiety

insomnia

43
Q

what are rare withdrawal symptoms for Benzodiazepone

A

siezures

44
Q

benzodizepone: Diazepam

A

direct muscle relaxant

45
Q

benzodizepone: alprazolam

A

panic disorder

46
Q

benzodizepone: triazolam

A

rebound anxiety and insomnia

47
Q

benzodizepone: antiemetic

A

antimemetic – prevent vomiting

48
Q

what is Flumazenil

A

BDZ antagonist

49
Q

what is Flumazenil used for

A

BDZ overdose

50
Q

what is the disadvantage for using Flumazenil

A

may precipitate withdrawal; may cause seizures if BDZ is used to control seizure activity

51
Q

mechanism of action for Buspirone

A

agonist for 5-HT (post and presynaptic)

52
Q

what is Buspirone used for

A

treatment of GAD

53
Q

what are 3 characteristics of Buspirone

A
  • lacks sedative, anticonsuvlsants and muscle relaxant effects
  • no interaction with alcohol or other CNS depressans
  • good for substance abuse patients
54
Q

what is the mechanism of action for Pregabalin

A

blocks voltage sensitive calcium channels

  • binds to presynaptic N and P/Q channel alpha2gamma
  • prevents release of excitatory neurotransmitters in amygdala and CTSC
55
Q

what is Pregabalin used for

A

GAD

social generalized

56
Q

compare the effectivness of Meprobamate and BDZ

A

Not as effective as BDZ’s

57
Q

what caution needs to be taken for Meprobamate

A

contraindicated in prophyrias

58
Q

how does Propanolol work

A

nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker

59
Q

what is Propanolol used for

A

short term anxiety

60
Q

what is Hydroxyzine

A

antihistamine

H1 receptor antagonist

61
Q

what is Mirtazapine

A

5HT2 receptor antagonist

62
Q

side effects of Mirtazapine

A

weight gain and sedation

D&T2 Exam 1 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions