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D&T2 Exam 1 > Rhabdoviridae > Flashcards

Rhabdoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

How can one get Rhabdoviridae

A

aerosol droplets from bats

bite

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2
Q

where does Rhabdoviridae multiply in the body

A

neural and extraneural tissues

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3
Q

what is the genetic material for Rhabdoviridae

A

single stranded
non-segmented
negative polarity RNA

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4
Q

Rhabdoviridae virus has to carry what with it in its genome

A

RNA dependent- RNA polymerase = L + NS protein

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5
Q

what type of capsid does Rhabdoviridae have

A

helical nucleocapsid

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6
Q

what does Rhabdoviridae look like under the microscope

A

bullet-shaped

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7
Q

what is located on the Rhabdoviridae envelope and what does it due

A

glycoprotein G

  • produces neutralizing Ab
  • acts as a hemagglutinin
  • inhibits cell processes
  • target for producing vaccine
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8
Q

what are the 2 cell receptors for Rhabdoviridae

A
  1. nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

2. neural cell adhesion molecule

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9
Q

genome replication and transcription occurs where in the cell for rabies

A

cytoplasm

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10
Q

what are two events that must occur relative to the viral genomic RNA

A

transcription

genome replication

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11
Q

what makes Rhabdoviridae virus a bullet shape

A

viral progeny buds form a site of plasma membrane

- has G glycoprotein extending from it’s envelope on its outer surface

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12
Q

what are the 3 phases of rabies virus

A

incubation phase
prodromal phase
neurological phase

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13
Q

how long is incubation phase

A

prolonged to weeks to months

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14
Q

what are clinical symptoms for prodromal phase? what is happening during this phase

A

fever, malaise, headache, sore throat

viral transport called retrograde Axoplasmic

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15
Q

in prodromal phase of rabies where does the virus infect, replicate and travel to

A

infectes peripheral nerves
replicates in dorsal ganglia
travels up spinal cord to brain

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16
Q

what are the 2 stages in neurological phase

A

excitement stage

manic stage

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17
Q

what are clinical symptoms for neurological phase

A

infection of brain

descend to infect eye, glands and visceral organs

18
Q

clinical symptoms for excitement stage

A

apprehension, fright, hydrophobia, fear of space- aerophobia

19
Q

clinical symptoms for manic stage

A

convulsions, usually death

20
Q

what is the number 1 source of rabies in US

A

bats

21
Q

what is the number 1 source of rabies in the world

A

dogs

22
Q

where is the virus found in the animal

A

saliva, CNS, urine, lymph, milk, blood

23
Q

where is the virus during the incubation stage

A

multiply in muscle or connective tissue at the bite site and begins to move along the peripheral nerves

24
Q

what does rabies destroy in the CNS

A

posterior horn

25
Q

what virus destroys the anterior horn

A

polio

26
Q

when do antibodies arise in the rabies infection

A

late in course, too late

27
Q

what are 2 main ways a doctor can diagnose rabies

A

Negri bodies in cytoplasmic inclusion from brainstem of infected human

  • detect virus from saliva, serum or corneal impression, skin and brain biopsies
    • RT-PCR
  • -direct immunofluoresence test of animal tissue
28
Q

what is the gold standard diagnosis for rabiies

A

direct immunofluoresence test

29
Q

when can the vaccine been given to a person who already has rabiess

A

during incubation period

30
Q

what is semple

A

rabiesvirus infected nervous tissue vaccine

  • inactivated with phenol
  • 7-14 daily injections
  • evokes allergic ecephalomyelitis complications
31
Q

what is another vaccine for rabies? how many doses?

who usually gets it and why?

A

human diploid cell vaccine
5 doses
prophylactic for animal handlers
IM

32
Q

how is Human diploid cell vaccine administered in adults and children, where should it not be given

A

adults: deltoid
children: anterolateral aspect of thigh or deltoid
not in gluteal muscle: too much fat not enough muscle

33
Q

what absorbs the rabies vaccine absorbed

A

aluminum phosphate

34
Q

what is the less expensive vaccine for rabies

A

Chick Embryo vaccine

35
Q

what is the treatment of human bitten by rapid animal or expected rabid animal

A
  1. flush wound with soap and water
  2. day 0 inject 1/2 human rabies immune globulin directly into wound and inject 1/2 HRIG IM
  3. Day 0 give vaccine but not at site of bite. 5 doses
36
Q

what viruses fall under the Filovirdiae family

A

Marbug virus

Ebola

37
Q

clinical symptoms for Marburg virus

A

African hemorrhagic fever
liver
encephalitis

38
Q

Marbug is found in what animal, how is it derived, and who usually gets infected with it

A

monkey
tissue culture cells
laboratory workers

39
Q

what are some clinical features of Marbug and ebola

A

fever, abdominal pain
conjuctivitis
rash, diarrhea

40
Q

what is the route of transmission for ebola

A

person to person

D&T2 Exam 1 (22 decks)

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