Viral Infections Flashcards
Infection caused by the presence of virus in the body
Viral infection
Management: Viral infection
- Proper diet
- Hydration
- Rest
- Anti-viral
- Isolation
Extremely contagious and can be spread by direct, contact, droplet transmission and airborne transmissoin
Chickenpox
Causative agent: Chickenpox
Varicella-zoster
Extremely contagious from about 2 days before the rash appears until all the blisters are crusted over
Chickenpox
Itchy, fluid-filled blisters that appear first on the face, trunk, or scalp and spreads 10-21 days after exposure
Chickenpox
Fever, headache, tummy ache, or loss of appetite, flu-like symptoms
Chickenpox
Causative agent: Shingles
Herpes zoster
Affects only one side of the body (left or right) and never cross the midline with very painful rash
Shingles
Oral antivirals for Shingles
- Acyclovir (zovirax)
- Valacyclovir (valtrex)
- Famciclovir (famvir)
Severe form of respiratory tract infection with generalized bodily symptoms
Flu
Causative agent: Flu
Influenza virus
Severe cold symptoms, with higher fever and severe backaches, muscle pains
Flu
Severe headache, cough, and intermittent sweating, shivering
Vomiting and/or diarrhea
Flu
Causative agent: German Measles
Rubella virus
It has a teratogenic effects
Most contagious from 1 week before to 1 week after the rash appears
German Measles
Incubation period for rubella is 14-23 days with an average incubation period of 16-18 days
German Measles
Hydrophobia; Spread to people through close contact with infected saliva via bites or scratches
Rabies
A viral disease that causes acute encephalitis in animals and people
Rabies
Inflammation of the spinal cord which disrupts the CNS functions linking the brain and limbs
Myelitis
Acute inflammation of the brain
Encephalitis
Signs of hyperactivity; Excited behavior
Hydrophobia and sometimes aerophobia
Furious rabies
Accounts for about 30% of the total number of human cases
Paralytic rabies
Runs a less dramatic and usually longer course than the furious form
Paralytic rabies
Muscles gradually becomes paralyzed, starting at the site of the bite or scratch
Paralytic rabies
Two forms of Rabies
- Furious rabies
- Paralytic rabies
Causative agent: Mumps
Paramyxovirus
The most common presentation is parotitis
Mumps
The incubation period can be 12-15 days but the average is 16-18 days
Mumps
Complications of Mumps
- Meningitis and Encephalitis
- Orchitis
Complications of Mumps
High fever, stiff neck, headache, nausea, and vomiting
Drowsiness, convulsions, and other signs of brain involvement
Meningitis and Encephalitis
Complications of Mumps
High fever, shaking chills, headache
Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain that can sometimes be mistaken for appendicitis if the right testicle is affected
Orchitis
Inflammatory disease of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain parenchyma
Encephalitis
Infantile paralysis
Poliomyelitis
Causative agent: Poliomyelitis
Polio virus
Multiplies in the gastrointestinal tract but are particularly neurotropic
Poliomyelitis
