Oncology: Cervical Cancer Flashcards
Pre-invasive
limited to the cervix
Precipitating factors
Low socio-economic groups, first early marriage
Early and frequent intercourse, multiple sexual partners; high parity, poor hygiene, sex with uncircumcised men
Smoking, chronic cervical infection, overweight status
Family history
Cervical Cancer
invasive
cancer is in the cervix and other pelvic structures
Assessment
Painless vaginal bleeding, post menstrually post-coital
Foul smelling vaginal discharge, pelvic, lower back leg or groin pain
Anorexia, leakage of urine and feces from the vagina
Dysuria, hematuria, cytological changes
Cervical Cancer
Pap Smear Classification
Normal cells
Class I
Pap Smear Classification
Atypical cells are present without abnormal features
Class II
Pap Smear Classification
Cells have abnormal features, suggestive but not conclusive of malignancy
Class III
Pap Smear Classification
Cells and clusters fairly conclusive of malignancy
Class IV
Pap Smear Classification
Cells and cell clusters conclusive of malignancy
Class V
Diagnosis: Cervical Cancer
Pap smear
Colposcopy
A medical diagnostic procedure to examine an illuminated, magnified view of the cervix and the tissues of the vagina and vulva
Colposcopy
Interventions: Cervical Cancer
Nonsurgical
Chemotherapy
Cryosurgery
External and Internal Radiation
Laser Therapy
Intervention: Cervical Cancer
Surgical
A cold knife cone biopsy; Surgery to remove a sample of abnormal tissue from the cervix
Conization
Intervention: Cervical Cancer
Surgical
Radical surgery treatment that removes all organs from a person’s pelvic cavity; urinary bladder, urethra, rectum, and anus are removed
The procedure leaves the person with a permanent colostomy and urinary diversion
Pelvic exenteration (pelvic evisceration)
Intervention: Cervical Cancer
Surgical
In women, the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and in some cases, the vulva are removed
In men, the prostate is removed
Pelvic exenteration (pelvic evisceration)
