Sexually Transmitted Diseases Flashcards
Causative agent: Chlamydial Infection
Chlamydia trachomatis
Signs and Symptoms
Mostly asymptomatic
Abnormal genital discharge
Pain during urination
Chlamydial Infection
Mode of Transmission: Chlamydial Infection
During vaginal, oral, or anal sexual contact with an infected partner
A pregnant woman may pass the infection to her newborn during delivery, with subsequent neonatal eye infection or pneumonia
Complication: Chlamydial Infection
Men - Infertility
Women - PID
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Immune system disorder occurring in response to exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a similar human retrovirus
AIDS
Causative agent: AIDS
HIV virus
Stages of HIV Disease
High levels of viral replication and the killing of CD4 T-Cells, resulting in high levels of HIV in the blood and a dramatic drop in CD4 T-Cell counts
Primary Infection/Acute HIV Infection/Acute HIV Syndrome
Intense viral replication and widespread dissemination of HIV throughout the body
Primary Infection/Acute HIV Infection/Acute HIV Syndrome
Stages of HIV Disease
- Primary Infection/Acute HIV Infection/Acute HIV Syndrome
- HIV Asymptomatic
- HIV Symptomatic
- AIDS
Normal CD4 count
800 cells/mm^3 of blood
Stages of HIV Disease
More than 500 CD4+ T lymphocytes/mm^3
HIV Asymptomatic
Stages of HIV Disease
200 to 499 CD4+ T lymphocyte/mm^3
HIV Symptomatic
Stages of HIV Disease
Less than 200 CD4+ T lymphocytes/mm^3
AIDS
Signs and Symptoms
Fever; diarrhea; malaise; weight loss;
lymphadenitis; opportunistic infections and malignancies;
positive ELISA/Western blot tests; T4 (CD4) cell count 200/mm3
positive cultures for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; atypical viral, fungal, and protozoal infections.
AIDS
Opportunistic Infections: AIDS
- Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
- Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC)
- Tuberculosis
- Oral Candidiasis
- Cryptococcus neoformans
Opportunistic Infections
The most common OI
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
Opportunistic Infections
Respiratory failure can develop within 2-3 days of initial symptoms
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
Signs and Symptoms
Nonproductive cough, fever, chills
SOB, Dyspnea, occasional chest pain
Severe hypoxemia, cyanosis
Tachypnea, altered mental status
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
Opportunistic Infections
A leading OI in people with AIDS
Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC)
Opportunistic Infections
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Opportunistic Infections
Tends to occur in injection drug users and other groups with a pre-existing high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) infection
Tuberculosis
Opportunistic Infections
A fungal infection, occurs in nearly all patients with AIDS and AIDS-related conditions
Oral Candidiasis
Opportunistic Infections
It is characterized by creamy-white patches in the oral cavity
Oral Candidiasis
Opportunistic Infections
Difficult and painful swallowing and retrosternal pain
Oral Candidiasis
Opportunistic Infections
A fungal infection
Another common OI among patients with AIDS and cause neurologic disease
Cryptococcus Neoformans
Opportunistic Infections
Characterized by symptoms of:
Fever, headache, malaise, stiff neck, nausea
vomiting, mental status changes, seizures
Cryptococcus Neoformans
Opportunistic Infections
Diagnosis is confirmed through CSF analysis
Cryptococcus Neoformans
HIV related Malignancy
- Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS)
- B-Cell Lymphomas
HIV related Malignancy
The most common HIV related malignancy
A disease involving the endothelial layer of blood and lymphatic vessels
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS)
HIV related Malignancy
It is associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) transmission
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
HIV related Malignancy
Brownish pink to deep purple cutaneous lesions appearing anywhere on the body, may be flat or raised and surrounded by ecchymoses (hemorrhagic patches) and edema
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS)
HIV related Malignancy
Diagnosis of KS is confirmed by biopsy of suspected lesions
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS)