Vibrio, Aeromonas, Campylobacter and Campylobacter-like species Flashcards
This organism causes epidemics and pandemics (i.e., worldwide epidemics) of the diarrheal disease cholera.
V. cholerae
Release of this toxin causes profuse, watery diarrhea, leading to dramatic fluid loss.
[V. cholerae]
Cholera toxin (CT) or choleragen
Composed of fluids and mucous flecks, are the hallmark of CT activity.
[V. cholerae]
Rice water tools — Cholera toxin (CT) or choleragen
Provide the means by which bacilli attach to mucosal cells dor release of CT.
[V. cholerae]
Toxin coregulated pili (TCP)
Incubation period of V. cholerae.
1-4 days
The enterotoxin zona occludens toxin (Zot) has been shown to disrupt the tight junctions of the intestinal cells, effectively decreasing tissue resistance.
V. cholerae
[3] V. cholerae O1 organisms are divided into the following serotypes:
[OIH]
- Ogawa (A,B)
- Inaba (A, C)
- Hikojima (A, B, C)
[2] Two biotypes of epidemic V cholerae:
- Classic
- El Tor
Produces a hemolysin, gives positive results on the Voges-Proskauer test, and is resistant to polymyxin B, agglutinate chicken red blood cells.
[biotypes of epidemic V. cholerae]
El Tor
Can be used to differentiate Vibrio spp. from Aeromonas spp.
[test]
String test
Should be performed immediately to further characterize V. cholerae isolates.
Serotyping
Patients have watery diarrhea, moderate cramps or vomiting, and low, if any, fever.
[vibrio]
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Primary cause of so-called summer diarrhea in Japan.
[vibrio]
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
These strains are considered Kanagawa toxin
positive.
[vibrio]
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Marine environments on the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts of North America.
[vibrio]
Vibrio vulnificus
Patients with V. ____ wound infections invariably have a history of some type of traumatic aquatic wound that often presents as a cellulitis.
[vibrio]
V. vulfinicus
Least pathogenic for humans.
[vibrio]
Vibrio alginolyticus
Almost all isolates originate from extraintestinal sources, such as eye and ear infections or wound and burn infections.
[vibrio]
Vibrio alginolyticus
Aeromonas spp - motile organisms with optimal growth around?
37°C
Aeromonas spp - nonmotile strains with optimal growth around?
22° C
The species most frequently associated with gastrointestinal infections, especially in neonate and pediatric populations; it has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease.
[aeromonas]
A. caviae
habitat: soil or water
Chromobacterium violaceum
Has been moved to the family Enterobacteriaceae but unlike the Enterobacteriaceae, it does not have the ability to produce gas from glucose, it is the only oxidase-positive member, and it is susceptible to agent O/129.
Plesiomonas
The only species in this genus.
[plesiomonas]
P. shigelloides
The most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide is
[campylobacter]
Campylobacter jejuni: preparing chicken
