Specimen Collection & Processing Flashcards
Collected specimen in wounds or lesions is placed into what?
sterile tube or transport vial
Blood culture for wounds.
Alcohol and Iodine
[2] Blood culture set for wounds.
Aerobic and anaerobic
Collected amount of wound specimen for adult.
20 ml
Collected amount of wound specimen for children.
5-10 ml
3 specimens in 3 consecutive days.
[infection]
Bacterial infection
3 samples within 10 days.
[infection]
Parasitic infection
It appears as a white chalky substance in the specimen and masks the appearance of parasites under the microscope.
Barium
Some specimens, such as urine, stool, sputum, swabs (not for anaerobes), foreign devices such as catheters, and viral specimens can be maintained at refrigerator temperature.
[temperature]
4° C for 24 hours.
If cerebrospinal fluid is not processed immediately, it can be stored in what temperature?
35° C incubator for 6 hours
[7] Refrigerate
(CCE,FFSU)
- Catheter tips (IV)
- CSF for viruses
- Ear: outer
- Feces (unpreserved)
- Feces for Clostridium difficile toxin
- Sputum
- Urine (unpreserved)
[9] Room temperature
(ABCEFG, NTU)
- Abscess, lesion, wound
- Body fluids
- CSF for bacteria
- Ear: inner
- Feces (preserved)
- Genital
- Nasal
- Tissue
- Urine (preserved)
It is used in commercial products to maintain accurate urine colony counts.
Boric acid
If the delay is longer than 2 hours, the specimen can be added to.
Cary-Blair transport media
Used to prevent clotting of specimens, including blood, bone marrow, and synovial fluid.
Anticoagulants
The most common anticoagulant used for microbiology specimens.
Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)
Used for viral cultures and for isolation of Mycobacterium spp. from blood.
Heparin
[2] It should not be used for microbiology specimens.
- Citrate
- Ethylenediamine Tetra acetic Acid (EDTA)
These media usually contain substances that do not promote multiplication of microorganisms but ensure their preservation and are available in swab collection systems.
Holding or Transport Media
It is commonly used.
[holding or transport media]
Stuart’s or Amie’s transport medium
This system contains selective agar and a carbon dioxide (CO2)–generating tablet.
JEMBEC system
The growth of most non-fastidious microbes.
[culture media]
Nonselective media
Support the growth of one type or group of microbes but not another.
[culture media]
Selective media
The standard nonselective medium.
[culture media]
Sheep blood agar
It’s an enriched medium.
Chocolate agar
It is selective for enteric gram-negative bacilli, and CNA (Columbia agar with colistin and nalidixic acid) is selective for gram,
[culture media]
MacConkey agar
Allow grouping of microbes based on different characteristics demonstrated on the medium.
[culture media]
Differential media
It can be used as a supplement to agar plates to detect small numbers of most aerobes, anaerobes, and microaerophiles.
[broth]
Broth media
It is an example of a supplemental broth media.
[broth]
Thioglycollate broth (THIO)
It is used to enhance the growth of group B streptococci.
[broth]
Lim broth (Todd Hewitt with CNA)
Urine specimens are inoculated using a?
quantitative isolation
Most bacteria cultures are incubated.
[temp]
35° C to 37° C.
The swab is immersed in the specimen for several seconds and used to prepare a thin spread of material on the glass slide fo staining and viewing.
Smears from thick liquids or semisolids
[3] Categorization of Stains
- Simple stain
- Differential stain
- Pro-mediated stains
It is directed toward coloring the forms and shapes present.
[stains]
Simple stains
It is directed toward coloring specific components of the elements present.
[stains]
Differential stains
It is directed specifically at identification of an organism.
[stains]
Pro-mediated stains
[4] Four of the stains.
[GACR]
- Gram
- Acid-fast
- Calcofluor white
- Rapid Modified Wright-Giemsa
It was developed empirically by the Danish bacteriologist Christian Gram in 1884.
Gram stain
Bacteriologist who developed Gram Stain.
Christian Gram, 1884
[3] Pairs: Gram positive cocci
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Enterococcus
[3] Tetrads: Gram positive cocci
- Micrococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Peptostreptoccus
[3] Groups/Clusters: Gram positive cocci
- Staphylococcus
- Peptostreptococcus
- Stomatococcus
[2] Chains: Gram positive cocci
- Streptococcus
- Peptostreptococcus
[3] Encapsulated: Gram positive cocci
[PPM]
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Streptococcus mucilaginosus
[1] Gram-positive diplococci (lancet-shaped)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
[2] Gram–negative diplococci pathogenic
- Neisseria spp.
- Moraxella catarhallis
