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BACT 211 > Enterobacteriaceae > Flashcards

Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

It has been identified from blood and wound specimens.

A

Averyella dalhousiensis

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2
Q

The organism is often misidentified as Kluyvera ascorbata or Salmonella enterica in commercial systems.

A

Averyella dalhousiensis

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3
Q

The most commonly encountered isolates within the clinical environment.

A

Cronobacter spp.

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4
Q

Associated with bacteremia, meningitis, and necrotizing colitis in neonates.

A

Cronobacter spp.

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5
Q

Metabolize the sialic acid that is found in breast milk, infant formula, mucin, and gangliosides.

[cronobacter]

A

Cronobacter sakazakii

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6
Q

[3] Three species of genus Edwardsiella

[THI]

A
  1. E. tarda
  2. E. hoshinae
  3. E. ictaluri
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7
Q

The only recognized human pathogen.

A

E. tarda

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8
Q

It is rarely encountered in clinical laboratory as a cause of gastroenteritis.

[edwardsiella]

A

E. tarda

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9
Q

The organism is typically associated with water harboring fish or turtles.

A

E. tarda

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10
Q

Members of this genus are negative for urea and positive for lysine decarboxylase, H2S, and indole and do not grow on Simmons citrate.

A

E. tarda

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11
Q

Motile lactose fermenters that produce mucoid colonies.

A

Enterobacter spp.

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12
Q

The infections are typically associated with contaminated medical devices, such a respirators and other medical instrumentation.

A

Enterobacter spp.

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13
Q

It has a capsule that provides resistance to phagocytosis.

A

Enterobacter spp.

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14
Q

It was initially considered a harmless member of the colon resident biota.

A

E. coli

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15
Q

It is now recognized as an important human pathogen associated with a wide range of clinical syndromes, including UTIs, diarrheal diseases, and central nervous system infections.

A

E. coli

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16
Q

Referred to as traveler’s diarrhea.

[entero]

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

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17
Q

Characterized by profuse, watery stools.

[entero]

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

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18
Q

Dysentery with direct penetration, invasion, and destruction of the intestinal mucosa.

[entero]

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

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19
Q

Infantile diarrhea, chronic diarrhea

[entero]

A

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. EPEC

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20
Q

The stool contains no leukocytes, which distinguishes it from dysentery caused by?

A

Shigella spp.

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21
Q

Low platelet count, hemolytic anemia, and kidney failure.

[entero]

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

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22
Q

It may produce a watery to bloody diarrhea as a result of direct invasion of the epithelial cells of the colon similar to Shigella spp.

[entero]

A

Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli

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23
Q

The stool typically contains large amounts of mucus, but apparent blood is not present.

[entero]

A

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

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24
Q

Doesn’t produce exotoxins.

[entero]

A

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

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25
[2] Types of Enteroadherent coli
1. DAEC 2. EAEC
26
UTIs and diarrheal disease, cystitis in children and acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women. [DAEC/EAEC]
DAEC
27
chronic or recurring UTIs. [DAEC/EAEC]
DAEC
28
pediatric diarrheal disease. [DAEC/EAEC]
DAEC
29
White blood cells and red blood cells are typically absent from the stool. [DAEC/EAEC]
EAEC
30
It has been identified from blood and wound isolates. The organism is biochemically inactive, and currently no recommended identification scheme has been identified
Ewingella americana
31
(formerly Enterobacter hafniae) has been associated with gastrointestinal infections.
Hafnia alvei
32
Infections are associated with consumption of contaminated food such as meat and dairy products.
Hafnia alvei
33
Most grow on Simmons citrate and in potassium cyanide broth.
Klebsiella spp.
34
Most commonly isolated species and has the distinct feature of possessing a large polysaccharide capsule.
K. pneumoniae
35
Self-limiting antibiotic associated hemorrhagic colitis. [klebsiella]
K. oxytoca
36
Isolated in bloodstream, urinary tract, and respiratory tract infections. [klebsiella]
K. ozaenae
37
All strains of K. pneumoniae are resistant to
ampicillin
38
Found biquitously throughout the environment and are normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract.
Morganella spp.
39
They are often associated with stool specimens collected from patients with symptoms of diarrhea.
Morganella spp.
40
Appear as a yellow-pigmented colony and are lysine, arginine, and ornithine-negative.
Pantoea spp.
41
Have been associated with traumatic injury from objects contaminated with soil (e.g., wound infections, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis).
Pantoea spp.
42
It's a fresh water inhabitant that is transmitted to humans by ingestion of contaminated water or by exposure of disrupted skin and mucosal surfaces.
Plesiomonas shigelloides
43
It can cause gastroenteritis, most commonly in children.
Plesiomonas shigelloides
44
The organism is considered an emerging enteric pathogen associated with food- and water-borne illness
Plesiomonas shigelloides
45
Consumption of undercooked seafood or untreated water.
Plesiomonas shigelloides
46
A more invasive, dysenteric form that resembles colitis.
Plesiomonas shigelloides
47
Easily identified by their classic “swarming” appearance on culture.
Proteus spp.
48
Associated with urinary tract infections; however, it also has been isolated from wounds and ears.
Proteus spp.
49
They can infect the proximal kidney tubules and can cause acute glomerulonephritis, particularly in patients with urinary tract defects or catheterization.
Proteus spp.
50
It can lead to struvite kidney stones (calculi). [proteus]
P. mirabilis
51
The organism has also been associated with diarrhea and sepsis.
Proteus spp.
52
Does not produce indole from tryptophan and is ornithine-positive. [proteus]
P. mirabilis
53
Produces indole and is ornithine-negative. [proteus]
P. vulgaris
54
Ferments sucrose and gives an acid/acid reaction in triple sugar iron (TSI) agar. [proteus]
P. vulgaris
55
Most commonly associated with urinary tract infections and isolated from the feces of children with diarrhea.
Providencia spp.
56
These organisms may be associated with health care–associated outbreaks.
Providencia spp.
57
[3] Providencia spp.
1. P. rettgeri 2. P. stuartii 3. P. alcalifaciens
58
UTI and diarrheal disease among travelers. resistance to antimicrobials. [providencia]
P. rettgeri
59
Outbreaks in burn units, resistance to antimicrobials. [providencia]
P. stuartii
60
Most commonly found in the feces of children with diarrhea. [providencia]
P. alcalifaciens
61
Transmission may be person to person but is often associated with medical devices such as urinary catheters, respirators, IV fluids, and other medical solutions.
Serratia spp.
62
It emits a dirty, musty odor resembling that of rotten potatoes. [serratia]
S. odorifera
63
Found in cold-blooded animals as well as in rodents and birds, which serve as their natural hosts.
Salmonella spp.
64
Human pathogen. [salmonella]
Salmonella enterica
65
Animal pathogen [salmonella]
Salmonella bongori
66
The primary identifiable Salmonella serotypes are Salmonella serotype Typhi associated with a severe disease?
Typhoid fever
67
The most severe form of enteric fever, caused by Salmonella serotype Typhi.
Typhoid fever
68
Associated with infections acquired from the ingestion of eggs or chicken. [salmonella]
Salmonella serotype Enteriditis
69
Days of development of Typhoid fever.
9-14 days
70
(blanching, rose-colored papules around the umbilical region) appear during the second week of fever. (typhoid fever)
"Rose spots"
71
It is characterized primarily by prolonged fever and intermittent bacteremia.
Bacteremia
72
Individuals who recover from infection may harbor the organisms in the gallbladder, which becomes the site of chronic carriage.
Carrier state
73
It may begin as watery diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps. Progressive infection then leads to dysentery with stools that contain blood or mucus and numerous leukocytes.
Shigellosis
74
Capable of causing bacillary deysentery.
Shigella
75
[2] Shigella
1. S. sonnei 2. S. flexneri
76
Infection is usually a short, self-limiting disease characterized by fever and watery diarrhea. [shigella]
Shigella sonnei
77
Gastroenteritis in men who have sex with men. Persons with HIV infections are also at increased risk. [shigella]
Shigella flexneri
78
A gram-negative, short, plump bacillus. [yersinia]
Yersinia pestis
79
Referred to as bipolar staining, which gives it a “safety-pin” appearance. [yersinia]
Yersinia pestis
80
Class A bioterrorism agent. [yersinia]
Yersinia pestis
81
Most commonly transmitted by the bite of an infected flea resulting in "bubonic plague". [yersinia]
Yersinia pestis
82
Animals, including domestic swine, cats, and dogs [yersinia]
Yersinia enterolitica
83
The infection can be acquired from contact with household pets. [yersinia]
Yersinia enterolitica
84
Human infections most often occur after the ingestion of contaminated food, often pork, and vacuum-packed deli meat, beef, lamb, chicken, and possibly chocolate milk and water. [yersinia]
Yersinia enterolitica
85
Similar to Y. pestis, is a pathogen primarily of rodents, particularly guinea pigs. [yersinia]
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
86
Y. pseudotuberculosis causes a disease characterized by caseous swellings called?
Pseudotuburcles

BACT 211 (15 decks)

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