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Vet Exam Material > Veterinary Terminology: Respiratory System > Flashcards

Veterinary Terminology: Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

cilia

A

fine hairs in nostrils/nares

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2
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

are hollow, air containing spaces within the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity

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3
Q

mucus

A

a lubricating fluid

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4
Q

pharynx

A

where food/drink and air enter into the body

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5
Q

epiglottis

A

a flap of cartilage attached to the root of the tongue, preventing choking or aspiration of food

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6
Q

larynx

A

where air passes after passing through the epiglottis

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7
Q

trachea

A

is kept open by cartilaginous rings
are complete in some species and incomplete C-shaped in others
splits into two branches

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8
Q

bronchi

A

two branches divided from the trachea

leads to a separate lung and divides and subdivides into smaller and finer tubes (like branches on a tree)

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9
Q

bronchioles

A

the smaller bronchial branches

narrows into alveolar ducts

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10
Q

alveoli

A

the end of alveolar duct as a collection of air sacs
lined with a one-cell layer of epithelium
exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide gases with blood flowing through lung capillaries

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11
Q

erythrocytes

A

are in the blood and carry oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body and carry carbon dioxide back from parts of the body to lungs for exhalation/removal

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12
Q

diaphragm

A

separates the lungs from the abdominal cavity and aid in the process of breathing
contracts and descends with each inhalation (inspiration) and exhalation (expiration)

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13
Q

avian species

A

there is a large disparity in tracheal length
no diaphragm have air sacs instead
lungs are attached to the ribs
the tissue is non-expandable

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14
Q

crocodiles respiratory differences

A

well-developed lungs
no true diaphragm
primary muscle groups are the intercostal muscles and two transverse membranes, the post-pulmonary and the post-hepatic which act as diaphragm

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15
Q

most lizards and primitive snakes respiratory differences

A 
have two paired lungs
highly evolved (left lung is reduced in size or absent)
basic pattern of respiration is an exhilation followed by inspiration followed by a non-ventilatory period varying in length
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16
Q

turtle lungs

A

are usually paired and rigid, located directly under the shell
bottom of lungs is attached to the abdominal organs
ventilation is achieved by the up and down movement of the viscera, resulting in intrapulmonary pressure changes

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17
Q

alveolus (alveoli)

A

air sac in the lung

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18
Q

bronchioles

A

smallest branches of the bronchi

terminal lead too alveolar ducts

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19
Q

bronchus

A

branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung

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20
Q

cilia

A

thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract.
they clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung

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21
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle separating the chest and abdomen

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22
Q

epiglottis

A

lid-like pieces of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing

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23
Q

expiration

A

breathing out

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24
Q

glottis

A

slit-like opening in the larynx

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25
Q

inspiration

A

breathing in

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26
Q

lobe

A

division of a lung

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27
Q

mediastinum

A

region between the lungs in the chest cavity

it contains trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

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28
Q

nares

A

openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

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29
Q

paranasal sinus

A

one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose

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30
Q

auscultation

A

listening to sounds within the body

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31
Q

rale (crackle)

A

fine crackling sound heard on auscultation (during inspiration) when there is fluid in the alveoli

32
Q

rhonchus (rhonchi)

A

loud rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by mucus

33
Q

stridor

A

strained, high pitched relatively loud sound made on inspiration
associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea

34
Q

wheeze

A

continuos high pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration

35
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

commonly results from irritation of nasal mucous membranes, trauma, clotting abnormalities or hypertension

36
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection in the lower lobes of the lung

37
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi persisting over time

38
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion of the alveoli

collapsed, functionless, airless lung or portion of the lung

39
Q

emphysema

A

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

40
Q

pneumonia

A

acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of inflammatory reaction

41
Q

pulmonary edema

A

swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

42
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

clot (thrombus) or other material lodges in the vessels of the lung

43
Q

pleural effusion

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity)

44
Q

pneumothorax

A

collection of air in the pleural space (cavity)

45
Q

thoracocentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

46
Q

thoracotomy

A

major surgical incision of the chest

47
Q

thoracoscopy

A

visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope

48
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

49
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision into the trachea, usually temporary

50
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus, air sac

51
Q

bronch/o

bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube

bronchus

52
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

53
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

54
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

55
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

56
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

57
Q

nas/o

A

nose

58
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

59
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

throat

60
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

61
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

62
Q

pneum/o

pneumon/o

A

air

lung

63
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

64
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

65
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus

cavity

66
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

67
Q

tel/o

A

complete

68
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

69
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

70
Q

-ema

A

condition

71
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

72
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

73
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

74
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity

chest

75
Q

nostrils or nares

A

two openings in the nose where air enters the body

Vet Exam Material (47 decks)

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