1:Medical Math: Drug Order (Prescription Writing) (4) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Prescriptions?

A

is an order to a pharmacist written by a licensed medical practitioner to prepare the prescribed medication, to affix the directions, and to sell the preparation to the client.
Is a legally recognized document and the writer is held responsible for its accuracy.

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2
Q

What should a standard prescription blank have printed on it?

A

the name, address, telephone number, and office hours of the doctor prescribing the medication.

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3
Q

What other information should be provided on the prescription?

A

Space for the number of refills and the practitioner’s DEA (drug enforcement administration) registration number should be provided.
A space for the client and the animal names and the date should be provided.

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4
Q

As a possible legal document, how should the prescription be written?

A

should be written in ink and a carbon copy should be kept on file to protect the doctor and serves to complete the record of treatment.
Should be written a simply as possible and consists of a minimum number of drugs, employs the metric system and may use several abbreviations.
Must have the phrase “For veterinary use only”.

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5
Q

What is the Superscription?

A

is the Rx.

is an abbreviation of the latin word “recipe” which means take.

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6
Q

What is the Inscription?

A

it lists the names and amounts of drugs to be incorporated in the prescription.
It includes the basis, vehicle, adjuvant, and corrective.

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7
Q

What is the Subscription?

A

the instructions to the pharmacist which may be in English or latin abbreviations.

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8
Q

What is the Signa (Sig:) or transcription?

A

instructions for administration of the medication which the pharmacist is to write on the label.

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9
Q

The signature of the practitioner must also be included on the prescription!!

A

:)

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10
Q

OTC

A

Over-the-counter drugs.

do not need a prescription.

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11
Q

Prescription drugs are regulated by what?

A

The FDA

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12
Q

What is the FDA?

A

A branch of the US Department of Health and Human Services since 1906.
Organized into different centers including the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine (FDA-CVM) which ensures that animal drugs are not harmful to animals.

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13
Q

Responsibilities of the FDA also include?

A

testing for safety and efficacy of drugs, drug development and approval (NADA).

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14
Q

Biologics such as vaccines are regulated by what?

A

the USDA

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15
Q

A veterinary/client/patient relationship must exist before a prescription drug is prescribed.

A

:)

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16
Q

Controlled drugs are regulated by what?

A

Controlled Substance Act (CSA) of 1970

regulated by the DEA

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17
Q

What is the DEA?

A

A branch of the US Department of Justice.

Regulates the purchase, storage, and use of controlled substances.

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18
Q

How are controlled substances divided?

A

divided into 5 classes based on their potential of abuse or misuse by people.
the lower the class, the higher the potential of abuse.

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19
Q

Describe Class I controlled drugs (C-I)

A

highest abuse potential
severe liability
no therapeutic agents in the US
Heroin and LSD are examples

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20
Q

Describe Class II controlled drugs (C-II)

A

high abuse potential
severe liability
morphine, codeine, and amphetamine are examples

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21
Q

Describe Class III controlled drugs (C-III)

A

abuse potential is less than C-I and C-II
moderate liability
examples are anabolic steroids

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22
Q

Describe Class IV controlled drugs (C-IV)

A

abuse potential is less than C-I, C-II, C-III
moderate liability
examples are butorphanol and diazepam

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23
Q

Describe Class V controlled drugs (C-V)

A

least abuse potential
limited liability
examples are buprenorphine, diphenoxylate with atropine

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24
Q

What must be on a controlled substances prescription for class II?

A

the full name and address of both the veterinarian and the owner, as well as the identity of the patient.
also the practitioner permit number.

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25
Q

How must the controlled substances prescription be written for Class II?

A

must be typewritten or written in ink or indelible pencil and signed by a registered practitioner.

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26
Q

How long can a controlled substances prescription last for Class II?

A

no refills are allowed

limited to a 34-day supply after that a new prescription order must be written.

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27
Q

How can controlled drugs be prescribed for Class III, IV, and V?

A

may be prescribed orally or in writing
May be refilled but not more than 5 times within 6 months from the date of the prescription.
Some Class V drugs may be sold OTC by the pharmacist under specific conditions.

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28
Q

The labels for Class II, III, V when dispensed for animal use must contain what lable?

A

“Caution: Federal Law prohibits the transfer of this drug to any person other than the (client and) patient for whom it was prescribed”

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29
Q

Extra-label use

A

Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act 1994 (AMDUCA) allows veterinarians to prescribe extra-label use

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30
Q

What is the FARAD?

A

The Food Animal Residues Avoidance Databank
a computer system that provides information including withdrawal times of all drugs approved for use in food-producing animals, official tolerances, and pharmacokinetics studies.

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31
Q

Nonproprietary (generic) drugs start with a?

A

lowercase letter

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32
Q

Brand (trade) name drugs start with a?

A

uppercase letter

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33
Q

Dosage form of drugs can be what?

A

solid
liquid
gas

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34
Q

tab

A

tablet

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35
Q

cap

A

capsule

36
Q

pulv

A

powder

37
Q

sol

A

solution

38
Q

susp

A

suspension

39
Q

elix

A

elixir

40
Q

tinct

A

tincture

41
Q

gtt

A

drop

42
Q

oint

A

ointment

43
Q

tablets or capsules may be available as what?

A

“sustained release”
“controlled release”
regular release

44
Q

How are dosage of drugs written?

A

written as unit of mass per animal or per unit body weight

mg, g, gr, mg/kg, mg/lb, gr/lb

45
Q

Drug route of administration

A

Topical or local

systemic (oral or parental)

46
Q

IV

A

intravenous

47
Q

IVPB

A

intravenous piggyback

48
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

49
Q

SC

SQ

A

subcutaneous

50
Q

IP

A

intraperitoneal

51
Q

IA

A

intra-arterial

52
Q

PO

A

per os (oral)

53
Q

PR

A

per rectum

54
Q

Local into the eye

A

OS=(ocular sinister) = left eye
OD=(ocular dexter) = right eye
OU=(ocular uterque) = each eye

55
Q

Local into the ear

A

AS (auris sinistra) = left ear
AD (auris destra) = right ear
AU (auris unitas) = both ears

56
Q

Frequency (dose intervals)

A

time intervals between dose administrations

57
Q

q

A

(quaque)

EVERY

58
Q

h

A

(hora)

HOUR

59
Q

d

A

(die)

DAY

60
Q

min

A

MINUTE

61
Q

s.i.d

A

(semel in die)

ONCE DAILY

62
Q

b.i.d

A

(bis in die)

TWICE DAILY

63
Q

t.i.d

A

(ter in die)

THREE TIMES DAILY

64
Q

q.i.d

A

(quarter in die)

OUR TIMES DAILY

65
Q

q.o.d

A

(quaque latera die)

EVERY OTHER DAY (q2d)

66
Q

p.r.n

A

(pro re nata)

AS NEEDED

67
Q

od

A

(omne die)

EVERY DAY

68
Q

qd

A

(quaque die)

EVERY DAY

69
Q

q6h

A

(quaque 6 hora)

EVERY 6 HOURS

70
Q

q8h

A

(quaque 8 hora)

EVERY 8 HOURS

71
Q

q12h

A

(quaque 12 hora)

EVERY 12 HOURS

72
Q

stat

A

immediately, at once

73
Q

a.c.

A

(ante cibum)

BEFORE MEALS

74
Q

p.c.

A

(post cibum)

AFTER MEALS

75
Q

ad. Lib.

A

(ad libitum)

AS DESIRED, FREELY

76
Q

a

A

(ante)

BEFORE

77
Q

p

A

(post)

AFTER

78
Q

c

A

(cum)

WITH

79
Q

s

A

WITHOUT

80
Q

aq

A

(aqua)

WATER

81
Q

et

A

AND

82
Q

noct

A

NIGHT

83
Q

Rx Procaine penicillin G 400,000 U IM q6h

A

Give 400,000 units of procaine penicillin G intramuscularly every 6 hours

84
Q

Rx Dilantin 100 mg PO t.i.d.

A

Give 100 mg of Dilantin orally 3 times daily

85
Q

Rx morphine sulfate 50 mg IM q4h p.r.n., pain

A

Give 50 mg of morphine sulfate intramuscularly every 4 hours as needed for pain

86
Q

Rx Lasix 20 mg IV stat

A

Give 20 mg of Lasix intravenously immediately

87
Q

FARAD

A

Food Animal Residues Avoidance Databank