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aNeuro Exam I- Lindsey's > Vesicles to Ventricles -CSF and Blood Supply > Flashcards

Vesicles to Ventricles -CSF and Blood Supply Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the brain so dependent upon a constant blood supply?

A

neurons lack glycogen

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2
Q

What forms the BBB?

A

astrocytes and endothelial cells

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3
Q

Where do the 2 main arterial blood supplies to the brain stem from?

A

the internal carotid and the vertebral arteries

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4
Q

The anterior circulation system arises from the ____ and supplies the _____.

A

internal carotid artery; anterior half of the brain and medial occipital lobe

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5
Q

The posterior circulation system arises from the _____ and supplies the ____.

A

vertebral arteries; brainstem, cerebellum, the medial occipital lobe, and the inferior temporal lobe

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6
Q

The _____ arises from the internal carotid artery and supplies the anterior half of the brain and medial occipital lobe.

A

anterior circulation system

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7
Q

The _____ arises from the vertebral arteries and supplies the brainstem, cerebellum, the medial occipital lobe, and the inferior temporal lobe.

A

posterior circulation system

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8
Q

What are the 2 major terminal branches of the internal carotid artery?

A

the anterior cerebral artery and the middle cerebral artery

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9
Q

What does the middle cerebral artery supply?

A

the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes

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10
Q

What supplies the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes?

A

the middle cerebral artery

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11
Q

What supplies the anterior two-thirds of the cerebral hemispheres and the orbital cortex?

A

the anterior cerebral artery

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12
Q

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

A

the anterior two-thirds of the cerebral hemispheres and the orbital cortex

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13
Q

At the level of the pons, the _____ fuse to form the basilar artery.

A

vertebral arteries

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14
Q

At the level of the pons, the vertebral arteries fuse to form the _____.

A

basilar artery

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15
Q

The posterior cerebral arteries supply the _____ and the _____.

A

medial face of the occipital lobe; inferior surface of the temporal lobe

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16
Q

The _____ supply the medial face of the occipital lobe and the inferior surface of the temporal lobe.

A

posterior cerebral arteries

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17
Q

The _____ give rise to the anterior and posterior spinal arteries.

A

vertebral arteries

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18
Q

The vertebral arteries give rise to the _____.

A

anterior and posterior spinal arteries

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19
Q

This artery branches off the vertebral artery, wraps around the medulla, and supplies most of the most caudal part of the cerebellum.

A

PICA

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20
Q

This artery branches off the basilar artery, wraps around the caudal pons, and supplies the more anterior portions of the inferior face of the cerebellum.

A

AICA

21
Q

This artery branches off the basilar artery, wraps around the rostral pons, and enters the posterior fossa supply by the superior face of the cerebellum.

A

superior cerebellar artery (SCA)

22
Q

What is the Circle of Willis?

A

the connection of the posterior and anterior circulations via a series of arteries

23
Q

This is the connection of the posterior and anterior brain circulations via a series of arteries.

A

the Circle of Willis

24
Q

What is the dura mater?

A

a leathery layer closely applied to the cranium; the deepest layer

25
Q

What is the pia mater?

A

a single layer of cells covering the outside of the CNS; most superficial layer

26
Q

This is a single layer of cells covering the outside of the CNS.

A

the pia mater

27
Q

What is the arachnoid mater?

A

a loose, spongy layer btw the pia and dura

28
Q

This is a loose, spongy layer btw the pia and dura.

A

the arachnoid mater

29
Q

This is a leathery layer closely applied to the cranium; the deepest layer.

A

the dura mater

30
Q

What are the ventricles?

A

fluid-filled spaces within the brain

31
Q

These are the fluid-filled spaces within the brain.

A

the ventricles

32
Q

What is the cerebral aqueduct?

A

the connection btw the third and fourth ventricles

33
Q

This is the connection btw the third and fourth ventricles.

A

the cerebral aqueduct

34
Q

What is the fourth ventricle connected to?

A

the cerebral aqueduct and the subarachnoid space (via three apertures)

35
Q

What is ependymal?

A

a single layer of cells that lines the ventricles

36
Q

This is a single layer of cells that lines the ventricles.

A

ependymal

37
Q

The ventricles are filled with _____.

A

CSF

38
Q

What produces CSF?

A

the choroid plexus

39
Q

Where is most of the CSF found?

A

in the subarachnoid space

40
Q

How much CSF is produced per day?

A

500mL (it’s replaced 4x/day)

41
Q

CSF returns to the blood primarily via _____.

A

arachnoid granulations (villi)

42
Q

Where are arachnoid granulations found?

A

lining the principle dural sinuses

43
Q

What lines the principle dural sinuses?

A

arachnoid granulations (villi)

44
Q

If there is a failure of reabsorption of CSF or if it cannot flow, ______ increases resulting in _____.

A

intracranial fluid pressure; hydrocephalus

45
Q

If the flow of CSF is interrupted, a _____ results.

A

non-communicating hydrocephalus

46
Q

If the CSF gets to subarachnoid space but isn’t reabsorbed properly, it is called ______.

A

communicating hydrocephalus

47
Q

What is a communicating hydrocephalus?

A

when the CSF gets to subarachnoid space but isn’t reabsorbed properly

48
Q

What is a non-communicating hydrocephalus?

A

when the flow of CSF is interrupted

49
Q

What is a hydrocephalus?

A

a failure of reabsorption or flow of CSF

aNeuro Exam I- Lindsey's (26 decks)

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