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aNeuro Exam I- Lindsey's > ANS Pharm > Flashcards

ANS Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

The action potential reaches nerve terminal, allowing _____ entry into the cell, which leads to release of
neurotransmitter.

A

Ca++

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2
Q

The action potential reaches nerve terminal, allowing Ca++ entry into the cell, which leads to release of
______.

A

the neurotransmitter

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3
Q

What is an agonist?

A

a drug that mimicks the neurotransmitter action (generally at the receptor level)

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4
Q

This is a drug that mimicks the neurotransmitter action (generally at the receptor level).

A

an agonist

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5
Q

What is an antagonist?

A

a drug that blocks the neurotransmitter action (generally at the receptor level)

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6
Q

This is a drug that blocks the neurotransmitter action (generally at the receptor level).

A

an antagonist

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7
Q

The greatest selectivity of drug action is possible with drugs that act where?

A

post-synaptically

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8
Q

What are Cholinergic Agonists?

A

drugs that produce the same effect as acetylcholine at muscarinic cholinergic receptors on parasympathetic end organs (also known as parasympathomimetics or cholinomimetics)

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9
Q

These are drugs that produce the same effect as acetylcholine at muscarinic cholinergic receptors on parasympathetic end organs (also known as parasympathomimetics or cholinomimetics).

A

cholinergic agonists

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10
Q

What are Cholinergic Antagonists?

A

drugs that have direct action at cholinergic receptors to block effects of acetylcholine

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11
Q

These are drugs that have direct action at cholinergic receptors to block effects of acetylcholine.

A

cholinergic antagonists

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12
Q

What do drugs with indirect NT action do?

A

change the normal action of the NT

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13
Q

These are drugs that change the normal action of the NT.

A

indirect action NTs

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14
Q

How do indirect-action cholinergic agonists work?

A

they interact with some aspect of the synthesis-storage-release-inactivation of Ach to increase its synaptic levels and increase stim of the PNS

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15
Q

These drugs work by interacting with some aspect of the synthesis-storage-release-inactivatipn of Ach to increase its synaptic levels and increase stim of the PNS.

A

indirect-action cholinergic agonists

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16
Q

What do cholinergic antagonists do?

A

block effects of ACh

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17
Q

What is an adrenergic agonist?

A

a drug that produces the same effects as NE/Epi at adrenergic receptors on sympathetic end organs

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18
Q

How do adrenergic antagonists work?

A

they block the effects of NE/Epi at adrenergic synapses

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19
Q

These drugs block the effects of ACh.

A

cholinergic antagonists

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20
Q

These drugs block the effects of NE/Epi at adrenergic synapses.

A

adrenergic antagonists

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21
Q

This is a drug that produces the same effects as NE/Epi at adrenergic receptors on sympathetic end organs.

A

adrenergic agonists

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22
Q

What is hemicholinium?

A

it blocks choline active transport (prevents ACh synthesis)

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23
Q

This blocks choline active transport (prevents ACh synthesis).

A

hemicholinium

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24
Q

What is vesamicol?

A

it blocks ACh storage vesicles

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25
Q

This blocks ACh storage vesicles.

A

vesamicol

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26
Q

What blocks ACh release?

A

botulinum toxin

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27
Q

What increases ACh release?

A

black widow spider toxin

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28
Q

What kind of receptor is a nicotinic receptor?

A

a ligand-gated ion channel for ACh

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29
Q

What kind of receptor is a muscarinic receptor?

A

a GPCR for ACh

30
Q

What kinds of drugs can enter the BBB?

A

lipid soluble tertiary agents (uncharged)

31
Q

Name 2 direct-acting muscarinic receptor agonists.

A

ACh (not used)
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Pilocarpine (Salagen)

32
Q

What do all these drugs have in common?
ACh (not used)
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Pilocarpine (Salagen)

A

they are direct-acting muscarinic receptor agonists

33
Q

Name a direct acting nicotinic neuronal receptor agonist.

A

nicotine

34
Q

Name 5 indirect-acting cholinesterase inhibitors.

A 
Edrophonium
Neostigmine
Physostigmine
Isofluorophate
Organophosphate Nerve gas
35
Q 
What do all these drugs have in common?
Edrophonium
Neostigmine
Physostigmine
Isofluorophate
Organophosphate Nerve gas
A

they’re all indirect-acting cholinesterase inhibitors (PNS)

36
Q

Name 2 muscarinic cholinergic agonists.

A

pilocarpine

bethanechol

37
Q

What do these 2 drugs have in common?
pilocarpine
bethanechol

A

they’re both muscarinic cholinergic agonists

38
Q

What is the effect of a ACh binding to muscarinic receptors (M2) in the heart?

A

decreased HR
decreased atrial contractility
decreased AV node conduction

39
Q

What kind of cholinergic receptor is found on the heart?

A

M

40
Q

What kinds of PNS receptors are found in the heart?

A

M

41
Q

What one event can cause all these effects:
decreased HR
decreased atrial contractility
decreased AV node conduction

A

binding of ACh to a muscarinic receptor in the heart

42
Q

What kinds of NT receptors are found in the heart?

A

M, β1

43
Q

What kind of adrenergic receptor is found in the heart?

A

β1

44
Q

What is the effect of NE/Epi binding to a β1 receptor in the heart?

A

increased HR

increased contractility

45
Q

What is the effect of NE/Epi binding to a β2 receptor in the GI tract?

A

decreased motility

46
Q

What is the effect of NE/Epi binding to a β1 receptor in the kidney?

A

increased renin secretion

47
Q

Where are β1 receptors found?

A

heart

kidneys

48
Q

Where are α1 receptors found?

A

eyes
BVs
GI tract/glands
urogenital tract

49
Q

Where are β2 receptors found?

A

GI tract
urogenital system
BVs

50
Q

Where are M receptors found?

A

eye
heart
airway/lungs
GI tracts/glands

51
Q

Where are Nn receptors found?

A

adrenal medulla

52
Q

Name 3 types of adrenergic receptors.

A

α1
β1
β2

53
Q

What is the effect of a ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the eyes?

A

miosis

accommodation of the eye

54
Q

Binding of what NT to which receptor causes the following effects?
miosis
accommodation of the eye

A

ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the eye

55
Q

What is the effect of a ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the airway/lungs?

A

constriction

increased secretions

56
Q

Binding of what NT to which receptor causes the following effects?
airway constriction
increased secretions

A

ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the lungs

57
Q

Binding of what NT to which receptor causes the following effects?
erection
contraction of detrusor
relaxation of trigone and sphincters

A

ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the urogenital system

58
Q

What are the effects of ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the urogenital system?

A

erection
contraction of detrusor
relaxation of trigone and sphincters

59
Q

What are the effects of ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the GI tract?

A

increased motility

increased secretions

60
Q

Binding of what NT to which receptor causes the following effects?
increased motility
increased secretions

A

ACh binding to muscarinic receptors in the GI tract

61
Q

What are the effects of Epi/NE binding to α1

receptors in the GI tract?

A

contraction of sphincters

62
Q

What are the effects of Epi/NE binding to α1

receptors in the BVs?

A

constriction

63
Q

What are the effects of Epi/NE binding to α1

receptors in the urogenital system?

A

ejaculation

contraction of trigone and sphincter

64
Q

What NT binds to which receptor to cause BV constriction?

A

Epi/NE binding to α1 receptors

65
Q

What NT binds to which receptor to cause the following effects?
ejaculation
contraction of trigone and sphincter

A

Epi/NE binding to α1

receptors in the urogenital system

66
Q

What are the effects of Epi/NE binding to β2

receptors in the GI tract?

A

decreased motility

67
Q

What are the effects of Epi/NE binding to β2

receptors in the urogenital system?

A

uterine relaxation

detrusor relaxation

68
Q

What are the effects of Epi/NE binding to β2 receptors in the blood vessels?

A

dilation (skeletal muscle)

69
Q

What NT binding to which receptor causes dilation of BVs (skeletal muscle)?

A

Epi/NE binding to β2 receptors

70
Q

What NT binding to which receptor causes decreased GI motility?

A

Epi/NE binding to β2 receptors

71
Q

What NT binding to which receptor causes the following effects?
uterine relaxation
detrusor relaxation

A

Epi/NE binding to β2 receptors

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