Verbs Flashcards
what is a verb?
it is an action or doing word.
How can we test to see if it is a verb?
- by asking: can you………
- by placing a pronoun in front of it: we asked…/he replied…
How many tenses are there?
There are 3 tenses
- present
- past
- future
Give an example of future simple tense.
i shall drive to the coast tomorrow
Give an example of future continuous tense.
I shall be driving to the coast tomorrow.
Give an example of future perfect tense.
I shall have driven to the coast tomorrow
What is simple tense? ( pg 28)
it is what we say/do generally.
- present: i drive
what is continuous tense? (pg 28)
It is happening at the moment / it is ongoing
- i am driving
what is perfect tense (pg 28)
it is already completed
-i have driven
what is a finite verb?
- it can stand on its own / does not need an auxiliary verb
- it must have a subject and number(singular/plural) and tense
*with the subject it makes complete sense
( They argue. She plays)
*It indicates number
(The girl {one} plays netball)
*it has a tense
( Today I play. Yesterday I played)
What is the infinitive?
- when a verb is preceded by the word to it is known as the infinitive
( to fight, to play, to study) - it cannot stand on its own, it must be preceded by a finite verb
(They start to fight. We tried to study) - the infinitive should never be split
- i am going to definitely complete my homework(wrong)
- i am definitely going to complete my homework(correct)
What is an auxiliary verb?
- it is a helping verb.
- it always precedes the verb
( she has done her homework)
-it regulates the tense of the sentence
( we could see the sun rising in the east) - past tense
what is transitive verb?
- a transitive verb takes a direct object
( i wrote a letter to the editor of the newspaper)
*a letter = direct object
What is a intransitive verb?
-intransitive verbs are not followed by direct objects
( wrote to the editor of the newspaper)
*to the editor = indirect
what does the mood of the verb tell us?
- it indicates the speakers intention or attitude
what are the 3 main moods?
- Indicative
- Imperative
- subjunctive
what is an indicative verb?
it expresses a fact or provides information
I always buy a lottery ticket
what is an imperative verb?
it is used to express a command or instruction
(My uncle says, “Don’t waste money”
What is a subjunctive verb?
It is used when something is unlikely or to express a wish, doubt or uncertainty
How are participles formed?
they are formed when we combine an auxiliary verb and a finite verb by adding ing or ed
( the clouds had formed before the storm)
Can participles stand alone?
No.
- the tap leaking ( wrong)
- the tap is leaking (correct)
What is a present particilple?
They state the continuous nature of the action and usually end in ing
- he reads = he is reading, he was reading, he will be reading
- i participate = i am participating, i was participating, i shall be participating
What is a past participle?
they help to make the past tense of a verb and usually end in ed, d, en or n
what words do past participles follow?
they follow words like has, had, have, was, were to form new tenses
- the present was given to the child
- the fingertips matched the suspect
What is a useful way to remember how to form a past participle?
to imagine i have before the verb
-i offer my services = i have offered my services
what is a gerund (verbal noun)
a gerund occurs when a word ending in ing is used as a noun.
- it is usually indicated by the word of
E.g. the understanding of the teacher was appreciated
A word ending in ing may be used as an adjective, give an example.
The understanding teacher was appreciated by the students
