Ventricles and Major Vasculature Flashcards
name the ventricles of the brain
lateral ventricles
3rd ventricle
4th ventricle
where is the 3rd ventricle located?
dorsal to diancephalon
what connects the 3rd ventricle to the 4th?
cerebral aqueduct
where is the 4th ventricle located?
dorsal to the pons/medulla
what connects the lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle?
foramen of monro
where is CSF produced?
choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain
where does CSF flow?
in ventricles and the subarachnoid space
after the fourth ventricle where can CSF go?
into subarachnoid space or into the central canal of the spinal cord
what are the exit holes called in the fourth ventricle that enter into the subarachnoid space?
dorsal holes
where does CSF get reabsorbed?
into arachnoid granulations
how do we get hydrocephalus?
blockage of CSF and buildup in the ventricles of the brain
if blockage is in aqueduct, where does hydrocephalus occur>
in the lateral and 3rd ventricle only
the central sulcus divides what two main landmarks?
precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus
the precentral gyrus is what?
primary motor cortex
the postcentral gyrus is what?
primary somatosensory cortex
the lateral sulcus divides what?
temporal lobe from rest of the brain
in the motor somatopy map, what is located most central?
toes to upper leg
in the motor somatopy map, what is located next to the legs?
arm motor movement
in the motor somatopy map, what is located next to the arms?
facial movements
in the motor somatopy map, what is located most lateral ?
tongue, swallowing
do motor and sensory somatopy maps match?
yes…so leg to arm to face to throat moving medial to lateral
what lies just anterior to the primary motor cortex?
motor association cortex
what lies just posterior to the primary somatosensory cortex?
somatosensory association area
what is Brocas area used for?
language production
where is brocas area located?
usually left hemisphere, frontal lobe
what is wernickes area used for?
language understanding
where is wernickes located?
temporal lobe close to the vision and hearing areas
where do arteries and vein run along in the brain?
run in the subarachnoid space
what type of blood vessel is in the BBB?
capillaries that have penetrated into the brain from the arteries in the subarachnoid space
what pair or arteries is considered the anterior blood supply to the brain?
internal carotids
what pair or arteries are considered the posterior blood supply to the brain?
vertebral arteries
vertebral arteries are branches off of what?
subclavian arteries
the left and right vertebral arteries come together to form what?
basilar artery
the internal carotid has two branches in the brain…name them
anterior cerebral artery
middle cerebral artery
the anterior cerebral has an artery…name it
anterior communicating
what does the anterior communicating artery connect?
anterior cerebral arteries from left and right side
middle cerebral artery has a branch…name it
posterior communicating
what does the posterior communicating artery connect?
links the middle cerebrals on each side to the posterior cerebral arteries
name the two branches of the basilar artery
posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar
name the two branches of the superior cerebellar
pontine and anterior inferior cerebellar
name the three branches of the vertebral artery
posterior inferior cerebellar
anterior spinal
posterior spinal
the anterior and posterior spinal arteries are branches of what?
vertebral artery
the superior cerebellar is a branch of what?
basilar artery
the anteriro inferior cerebellar is a branch from what artery?
superior cerebellar
the posterior inferior cerebellar is a branch from what artery?
vertebral artery
the circle of willis is around what brain structure?
diencephalon
the circle of willis consists of 6 vessels..name them
anterior, middle and posterior cerebral
internal carotid
anterior and posterior communicatings
where does the anterior cerebral lie?
on the medial surface of the longitudinal fissure
name two locations of cerebral hemisphere that anterior cerebral artery supplies
medial aspect of frontal lobe and parietal lobe
the middle cerebral artery lies where?
lateral fissure between the frontal and temporal lobes
name three specific locations the middle cerebral artery supplies
lateral parts of frontal, temporal and parietal lobes
what are the main functions supplied by flow from the middle cerebral artery?
motor and sensory to upper extremity and face
brocas and wernickes areas (speech and receptive language respectively)
what are the main functions supplied by the flow of the anterior cerebral artery?
motor and sensory of legs
the middle cerebral arteries has a deep branch…name it
lenticulostriate arteries AKA deep penetrating arteries
what do the deep penetrating arteries of the middle cerebral artery supply?
basal ganglia and internal capsule
what two things are inside the internal capsule?
descending motor tract and ascending somatosensory tract
where does the posterior cerebral artery lie?
on inferior surface of the temporal lobe
what two locations does the posterior cerebral artery supply?
occipital lobe as a whole and part of temporal lobes
what is the function of the area supplied by the posterior cerebral artery?
mainly vision
the brainstem gets blood supply from what two original vessels?
basilar and vertebral
the SC gets blood supply from what two main vessels? what vessel do these originate from?
anterior and posterior spinal vessels that originate from the vertebral artery
