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Neuro Week 1 > Diencephalon Anatomy > Flashcards

Diencephalon Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

name the four parts of the diencephalon

A

thalamus
epithalamus
hypothalamus
subthalamus

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2
Q

what does the epithalamus become?

A

pineal gland

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3
Q

what is role of pineal gland?

A

secrete melatonin and regulate circadian rhythms

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4
Q

name the six subnuclei of the thalamus

A 
VPL (ventralposterolateral)
VA (ventral anterior
VL ventral lateral
VPM ventralpostero medial
LGN lateral geniculate nucleus
MGN medial geniculate nucleus
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5
Q

what is the input to the VPL?

A

spinothalamic and dorsal column medial lemniscus

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6
Q

what is the senses that the VPL receives?

A

vibration, pain, pressure, proprioception, touch and temp

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7
Q

where does the VPL project to?

A

somatosensory cortex

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8
Q

what is the input of the VPM (ventral posteromedial)

A

trigeminal and gustatory pathway

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9
Q

what are the sensed of the VPM?

A

face sensation and taste

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10
Q

where does the VPM project to?

A

somatosensory cortex

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11
Q

what is the input to the lateral geniculate nucleus?

A

CNII, optic chiasm and optic tract

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12
Q

what is the sense of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

A

vision

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13
Q

where does the lateral geniculate nucleus project from the thalamus?

A

primary visual cortex

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14
Q

what is the input of the medial geniculate nucleus?

A

superior olive and inferior colliculus of the tectum

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15
Q

what is the sense of the medial geniculate nucleus?

A

hearing

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16
Q

where does the medial geniculate nucleus project?

A

auditory cortex of temporal lobe

17
Q

what is the input of the ventral lateral nucleus?

A

basal ganglia and cerebellum

18
Q

what is the function of the ventral lateral nucleus?

A

motor function

19
Q

where does the ventral lateral nucleus project?

A

motor cortex

20
Q

what sense does not relay through the thalamus?

A

olfaction

21
Q

what are the main functions of the hypothalamus?

A 
Thirst and water balance
Adenohypophysis 
Neurohypophysis
Hunger
ANS
Temperarture
Sex druve
22
Q

what is Adenoypophysis?

A

control of anterior pituitary hormone release by hypothal

23
Q

what is Neurohypophysis?

A

control of posterior pituitary hormone release by hypothal

24
Q

name the seven nuclei to know of the hypothalamus

A 
lateral nucleus
ventromedial nucleus
anterior
posterior
suprachiasmatic
supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
preoptic
25
Q

what is the role of the lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus?

A

Hunger/feeding

26
Q

a lesion of the lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus leads to what?

A

anorexia

27
Q

what is the role of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus?

A

satiety

28
Q

a lesion of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus leads to what?

A

hyperphagia…weight gain

29
Q

what is the role of the anterior nucleus of the hypothalamus?

A

temperature cooling (AC)

30
Q

a lesion of the anterior nucleus of the hypothalamus leads to what?

A

hyperthermia

31
Q

what is the role of the posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus?

A

heating temperature

32
Q

a lesion of the posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus leads to what?

A

hypothermia

33
Q

what is the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus?

A

circadian rhythm

34
Q

what is the role of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus?

A

synthesize ADH and oxytocin

35
Q

which of the supraoptic/paraventricual nuclei of the hypothalamus makes oxytocin?

A

paraventricular

36
Q

which of the supraoptic/paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus makes ADH?

A

supraoptic nuclei

37
Q

what is the role of the preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus?

A

thermoregulation, sex and GnRH release

38
Q

a lesion of the preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus leads to what syndrom? what is the cause of this?

A

Kallman syndrome…no GnRH secretion

39
Q

what is the symptom of kallman syndrom?

A

no puberty

Neuro Week 1 (10 decks)

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