Brainstem Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the main functions of the brainstem?

A

breathing, BP, HB, swallowing, alertness, temp

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2
Q

what is the dorsal area of the midbrain called?

A

tectum

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3
Q

what lies on the tectum of the midbrain in the dorsal view?

A

superior and inferior calliculi

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4
Q

what is superior colliculus involved in?

A

vision

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5
Q

what is inferior colliculus involved in?

A

hearing

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6
Q

the ventral surface of the midbrain is what structure?

A

cerebral peduncle

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7
Q

what is the hole in the dorsal portion of the X section of the midbrain?

A

cerebral aqueduct

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8
Q

which portion of the brainstem in X section looks like a bat?

A

pons

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9
Q

which portion of the brainstem in cross section has cerebral aqueduct?

A

midbrain

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10
Q

which portion of the brainstem in cross section has 4th ventricle in dorsal position?

A

pons and medulla

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11
Q

what portion of the medulla does decussation of the DCML tract occur? caudal or rostral

A

caudal

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12
Q

the decussation of the DCML occurs in the caudal medulla and switches from what structure into what other structure?

A

nucleus gracilis and cuneatous into the medial lemniscus

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13
Q

where is the medial lemniscus in the medulla?

A

central portion

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14
Q

where are the spinothalamic and hypothalmospinal tracts in the medulla?

A

lateral ventral edge

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15
Q

where is the corticospinal tract in the medulla?

A

ventral portion in the pyramid

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16
Q

what is on the ventral view of the medulla in the center?

17
Q

just lateral to the pyramids of the medulla are the what?

A

olives of the medulla

18
Q

what three arteries feed the medulla?

A

posterior inferior cerebellar artery
vertebral artery
anterior spinal artery

19
Q

the posterior inferior cerebellar artery serves what portion of the medulla?

A

dorsolateral regions

20
Q

the vertebral artery serves what portion of the medulla?

21
Q

the anterior spinal artery serves what portion of the medulla?

22
Q

in the mid medulla, where does the tract of the DCML lie?

A

in the pyramids

23
Q

what is on the lateral side of the cross section of the pons?

A

middle cerebral peduncle

24
Q

what are the two arteries that feed the pons?

A

anterior inferior cerebellar artery

pontine artery

25
does the pontine artery feed the lateral or medial portion of the pons?
medial
26
does the anterior inferior cerebellar artery feed the lateral or medial portion of the pons?
lateral
27
is the tract of the corticospinal tract more anterior or posterior to the other tracts in the pons?
anterior
28
what tracts are the most posterior in the pons?
medial lemniscus of DCML and the STT/hyposthalamospinal
29
what vessel feeds all the tracts in the pons?
pontine artery
30
what vessel feeds the middle cerebral peduncle in the pons?
anterior inferior cerebellar artery
31
what vessel feeds all of the midbrain?
posterior cerebral artery
32
what portion of the midbrain does the corticospinal tract traverse?
the cerebral peduncle
33
what portion of the midbrain does the DCML, STT and hypothalamospinal tracts traverse?
in the medial area