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Neuro Week 1 > Spinal Cord and Tracts > Flashcards

Spinal Cord and Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

the white matter in front of the ventral horn is called what?

A

ventral funiculus

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2
Q

the white matter lateral on the SC is called what?

A

lateral funiculus

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3
Q

the white matter in posterior of SC is called what?

A

dorsal funiculus

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4
Q

why does the white matter increase in size in the SC as you get closer to the brain?

A

because it has all the tracts whereas if you go down youre losing some

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5
Q

what level of the SC has an enlargement in the gray matter for the sympathetic pregang cell bodies?

A

T1 to L2

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6
Q

what level of the SC has an enlargement in the gray matter for the parasympathetic pregang cell bodies?

A

S2-4

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7
Q

where do the pregang cell bodies lay in gray matter in the SC?

A

lateral horn…aka intermediolateral column

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8
Q

ascending tracts have how many neurons?

A

3

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9
Q

where is the first nerve cell body in an ascending tract located?

A

in the dorsal root ganglion

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10
Q

which neuron decusates in ascending tracts?

A

second neuron

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11
Q

where is the cell body of the third neuron in ascending tracts?

A

thalamus

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12
Q

where does the third neuron project in ascending tracts?

A

to the postcentral gyrus

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13
Q

name the two ascending tracts to know

A

spinothalamic (anterolateral) and dorsal column medial lemniscus

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14
Q

where is the first synapse in the spinothalamic (anterolateral) tract?

A

at level of sensation in SC

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15
Q

what does the spinothalamic (anterolateral) tract sense? (2)

A

pain and temperature

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16
Q

where does the spinothalamic (anterolateral) tract decussate? what nerve decussates?

A

at level of 1st synapse…the second nerve decussates

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17
Q

where does the spinothalamic (anterolateral) tract second synapse occur?

A

in the VPL of the thalamus

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18
Q

when moving from the VPL of the thalamus to the postcentral gyrus…what does the spinothalamic (anterolateral) tract travel through?

A

internal capsule

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19
Q

what does the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract sense? (3)

A

vibration, fine touch, proprioception

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20
Q

where does the first synapse of the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract occur?

A

in the medial lemniscus of the medulla

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21
Q

where does the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract decussate? what nerve is it?

A

at medulla level…is second nerve

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22
Q

where does the second nerve in the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract travel from and to?

A

from the medial lemniscus and to the thalamus (VPL)

23
Q

where is the second synapse in the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract?

A

VPL of the thalamus

24
Q

what does the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract travel in from the VPL of the thalamus to the postcentral gyrus?

A

internal capsule

25
Q

what is the name of the tract that the first nerve axon of the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract travels up in the SC?

A

dorsal column of the SC

26
Q

what is the name of the tract that the second nerve axon of the spinothalamic tract travels up in the SC?

A

anterior spinothalamic tract

27
Q

where is the cell body of the first neuron in the corticospinal tract?

A

in the precentral gyrus

28
Q

what is the first neuron called in the corticospinal tract?

A

upper motor neuron

29
Q

where do 90% of the upper motor neurons in the corticospinal tract decussate?

A

in the pyramid of the medulla

30
Q

where do the other 10% of upper motor neurons in the corticospinal tract decussate?

A

in the SC at the level they effect

31
Q

the 10% of neurons in the corticospinal tract that do not decussate in the medulla innervate what tissues? and are called what tract?

A

innervate the axial skeleton…called the ventral corticospinal tract

32
Q

the 90% of neurons in the corticospinal tract that do decussate in the medulla innervate what tissues? and are called what tract?

A

appendicular skeleton innervation and called the lateral corticospinal tract

33
Q

where is the cell body of neuron 2 in the corticospinal tract?

A

in the spinal cord ventral horn at the level of innervation

34
Q

what is the name for the second neuron in the corticspinal tract?

A

lower motor neuron

35
Q

what is the hypothalamospinal tract? what info does it convey?

A

it is a descending tract that conveys sympathetic innervation to the face

36
Q

what portion of the SC does the hypothalamospinal tract use?

A

lateral horn

37
Q

what is unique about the hypothalamospinal tract?

A

it does not decussate

38
Q

where is the cell body of the first neuron in the hypothalamospinal tract?

A

in the hypothalamus

39
Q

where does the first neuron synapse in the hypothalamospinal tract?

A

in the thoracic spinal cord in the lateral horn

40
Q

where is the second neuron cell body in the hypothalamospinal tract?

A

lateral horn of the thoracic spinal cord

41
Q

where does the second neuron synapse in the hypothalamospinal tract?

A

superior cervical ganglion

42
Q

where does the axon of the third neuron in the hypothalamospinal tract travel from and to?

A

superior cervical chain to the face

43
Q

what does the third neuron in the hypothalamospinal tract travel along as it goes to the face?

A

internal carotid artery

44
Q

what is the hypothalamospinal tract located next to in the SC?

A

the lateral corticospinal tract

45
Q

if there is a lesion in the hypothalamospinal tract what syndrome ensues?

A

Horners syndrome

46
Q

name the symptoms of horners syndrome

A

pupil constriction
eye droop
no sweating
vasodilation (facial flushing)

47
Q

why do the symptoms of Horners syndrome occur when a lesion happens in the hypothalamospinal tract?

A

because it conveys sympathetic innervation to the face so the eyes can no constrict or stay open and sweating and vasoconstriction do not happen anymore

48
Q

what are the two divisions of the dorsal funiculus?

A

fasciculus cuneatus and fasciculus gracilis

49
Q

the fasciculus cuneatus includes white matter in the SC from what tract? and what portion of the body?

A

dorsal column medial lemniscus tract…cervical and thoracic portions so upper limb fine touch, proprioception and vibration

50
Q

the fasciculus gracilis includes white matter in the SC from what tract? and what portion of the body?

A

from the dorsal column medial lemniscus tract…lumbar and sacral regions so lower limb fine touch, proprioception and vibration

51
Q

name the three arteries of the SC

A

two posterior spinal arteries and one anterior spinal artery

52
Q

the posterior spinal arteries feed what?

A

unilateral side of the dorsal funiculus (sensation area)

53
Q

the anterior spinal artery feeds what?

A

all of the SC except the dorsal funiculus

Neuro Week 1 (10 decks)

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