ventilation

Question 1

4 volumes

Answer 1

inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, residual, tidal

Question 2

4 capacities

Answer 2

inspiratory, functional residual, vital, total lung

Question 3

graph of volumes and capacities

Answer 3

benji

Question 4

define volumes (graphically)

Answer 4

discrete secretions of graph and don’t overlap

Question 5

define capacities

Answer 5

sum of two or more volumes

Question 6

factors affecting lung volumes and capacities

Answer 6

body size (height - bigger lungs; obesity not really), sex (male larger), disease (pulmonary, neurological), age (chronological, physical), fitness (innate over training)

Question 7

define tidal volume

Answer 7

volume per breath (increases during exercise)

Question 8

define inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 8

extra space in the lungs after normal inspiration available for inspiration

Question 9

define expiratory reserve volume

Answer 9

extra space after normal expiration to force expiration

Question 10

define residual volume

Answer 10

anatomical limitation preventing complete exhalation (closed airways cannot ventilate)

Question 11

define vital capacity

Answer 11

how much air can be adjusted - useful air

Question 12

define functional residual capacity

Answer 12

amount of air left in lungs during normal expiration

Question 13

define inspiratory capacity

Answer 13

amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled from normal breathing

Question 14

how does restrictive airways disease affect rate of exhalation and forced vital capacity

Answer 14

normal rate of exhalation but reduced FVC

Question 15

how does obstructive airways disease affect rate of exhalation and forced vital capacity

Answer 15

reduced rate of exhalation and markedly reduced FVC

Question 16

how does obstructive disease affect residual volume, inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes and tidal volume

Answer 16

increases residual volume, decreases inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes and tidal volume

Question 17

consequence of obstructed air flow in and out in obstructive disease (asthma, COPD)

Answer 17

lungs operate at higher volumes

Question 18

how does restrictive disease affect residual volume, inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes and tidal volume and why

Answer 18

decreases all of them

Question 19

consequence of restricted air flow in and out in restrictive disease (lung fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, obesity and neuromuscular disease)

Answer 19

lungs operate at lower volumes