Venous Alternate Testing and Treatment Flashcards
What is the name of the serum blood test that is used for thrombolytic activity in the body
D-dimer
D-dimer may indicate the presence of ______ if positive
DVT
What are the 2 types of contrast venograms
1) ascending
2) descending
What type of contrast venogram is used rule out a DVT
a) ascending
b) descending
a) ascending
What type of contrast venogram is used when dye is injected into the distal superficial vein on the dorsum of the foot
a) ascending
b) descending
a) ascending
What type of contrast venogram is used to rule out valvular incompetence
a) ascending
b) descending
b) descending
For a descending contrast venogram where is the dye injected into
CFV
For ascending contrast venogram if the vessel is fully filled what does this mean
There is no obstruction
For ascending contrast venogram if there is no filling of the vessel or its partially filled what does this mean
DVT
For descending contrast venogram if there is no filing of the vessel what does this mean
No reflux
For descending contrast venogram if there is filling of the veins what does this mean
There is reflux
What scan measures air and blood flow in the lungs
VQ scan
What does prophylaxis mean
preventative
How is heparin adminstered
intravenously
How many days is a patient on intravenous heparin before they get an oral anticoagulant
4-5 days
Name an anticoagulant drug
Heparin
What is the purpose of heparin
To prevent the propagation of clots
What is used as a last resort or limb or life threatening diesease
Thrombectomy/embolectomy
Where is an IVC filter placed
Infrarenal
The surgical removal of varicose veins is called
Phlebectomy
Injections for the removal/closure of spider veins is called
Sclerotherapy
An unna boot and hyperbaric oxygen chamber is used for what type of ulcers
Venous
What procedure provides communication or shunt between the portal veins and hepatic veins
TIPSS
What veins are used for a TIPSS
Right portal and right hepatic vein
If a TIPSS is successful what will the flow be at the proximal anastomosis
a) hepatopedal
b) hepatofugal
a) hepatopedal
If a TIPSS is successful what will the flow be at the distal anastomosis
a) hepatopedal
b) hepatofugal
b) hepatofugal
After receiving a loading dose of IV heparin, when can the patient ambulate
a) After 24 hours
b) immediately
c) after 48 hours
d) after 30 minutes
d) after 30 minutes
Which of the following disease management methods reduces the contributing factors of thrombosis formation
a) compression stockings
b) unfractionated heparin
c) vena caval filter
d) exercise
a) compression stockings
What best describes the use of prophylactic therapy for thrombosis
a) low dose anticoagulant for prevention in the high risk patient
b) intravenous anticoagulant for treatment of acute DVT in low risk patient
c) compression stockings to reduce venous stasis in the high risk patient
d) loading dose thrombolytic therapy for patients with limb threatening DVT
a) low dose anticoagulant for prevention in the high risk patient
-Prophylaxis means preventative in the high risk patient. It is not treatment for a current DVT
What would most likely be the initial course of treatment in a patient diagnosed with plegmasia cerulea dolens
a) unna boot
b) thrombectomy
c) anticoagulant treatment
d) thrombolytic therapy
d) thrombolytic therapy
Limb threatening DVT would require more aggressive treatment compared to uncomplicated DVT. Thrombolytic is a drug that breaks down the clot. If that doesn’t work, then thrombectomy may be necessary
What vessels does TIPSS connect
a) right hepatic vein to IVC
b) right portal vein to right hepatic vein
c) main portal vein to right portal vein
d) left portal vein to paraumbilical vein
b) right portal vein to right hepatic vein
What clinical history would merit the referral for a descending venography
a) acute pain and swelling
b) brawny discoloration and swelling
c) ulcers on tips of toes and limb pain
d) redness, warmth, and swelling
b) brawny discoloration and swelling
Descending venogram is to evaluate venous insufficiency
What can be used to evaluate for venous obstruction
a) venous PPG
b) descending venogram
c) ascending venogram
d) venous air plethysmography
c) ascending venogram
-venous obstruction or thrombosis can be detected with doppler studies or an ascending venogram
What treatments options are available for patients with deep venous insufficiency
a) palliative therapy only
b) radiofrequency ablation procedures
c) phlebectomy
d) anticoagulant prophylaxis therapy
a) palliative therapy only
-There is no surgical therapy that can correct deep venous insufficiency. Only therapies that can reduce or alleviate the symptoms
