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Vascular board review (myultrasoundtutor) > Arterial Disease and Clinical History > Flashcards

Arterial Disease and Clinical History Flashcards

1
Q

Hardening and thickening of arterial wall eventually forming plaque and stenosis is called

A

Atherosclerosis

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2
Q

What is the most common type of arterial disease

A

Atherosclerosis

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3
Q

What is the most common location for atherosclerosis to form

A

Distal SFA

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4
Q

Pain and muscle fatigue with activity that patient must stop to rest and the pain is relieved upon rest defines

A

Claudication

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5
Q

Pain in feet and heels at night in bed or when limb is at the same level as the heart and is relieved upon dependency defines

A

Rest pain

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6
Q

Dry skin, loss of hair, thick toenails, pale skin and cool to touch are trophic changes of what type of disease

a) venous
b) arterial

A

Arterial

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7
Q

Ulcers that are dry, deep, painful and involve the toes and tops of feet are physical sings of what type of disease

a) venous
b) arterial

A

b) arterial

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8
Q

What is caused by trauma or dissection

A

Thrombus

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9
Q

What is the most common source of embolism

A

The heart

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10
Q

This type of phenomenon is when a patient experiences symtpoms of ischemia in hands or feet when exposed to cold

A

Raynauds phenomenon

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11
Q

What type of Raynauds is in young women and symptoms are bilateral

A

Primary

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12
Q

This type of Raynauds experience vasospasm when cold or emotionally stressed. It is also a functional disease

A

Primary

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13
Q

What type of Raynauds is caused by something else and the patient has existing fixed arterial disease

A

Secondary

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14
Q

Inflammation of a vessel wall defines

A

arteritis

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of arteritis

A

1) Takayasu
2) Buergers disease

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16
Q

What type of arteritis is in young asian women and affects larger vessels and is called “pulseless disease”

A

Takayasu

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17
Q

What is another name for Buergers disease

A

Thromboangitis Obliterans

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18
Q

What is the most common type of arteritis

A

Buergers disease

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19
Q

What type of arteritis is in young men less than 40 that are heavy smokers and affect the smallest digital vessels

A

Buergers disease

20
Q

What type of aneurysm is involves dilatation of all 3 layers of the wall

A

True

21
Q

What is the most common location for a true aneurysm

A

Infrarenal aorta

22
Q

What is the most common cause of aneurysms

A

Atherosclerosis

23
Q

What is the most common type of aneurysm

A

Fusiform

24
Q

What type of aneurysm is when not all 3 layers are dilated

A

False

25
Q

This type of aneurysm is weakening of layers causing intimal flap or tear

A

False

26
Q

A false aneurysm is most often in what part of the aorta

A

Thoracic aorta

27
Q

What is another name for a pseudoaneurysm

A

Pulsating hematoma

28
Q

A pseudoaneurysm must have what 2 things to confirm diagnosis

A

1) communicating neck
2) channel

29
Q

Congenital narrowing of the aortic arch defines

A

Coarctation

30
Q

Compression of the popliteal by the gastrocemius muscle defines

A

Popliteal entrapment

31
Q

Compression of nerves or blood vessels by shoulders, ribs, and muscles defines

A

Thoracic outlet syndrome

32
Q

Compression of an artery by swelling trapped inside the fascia defines

A

Compartment syndrome

33
Q

What clinical finding is most likely indicative of an acute arterial occlusion

a) dependent rubor
b) pale discoloration
c) loss of hair
d) bruit

A

b) pale discoloration
-The 6 P’s indicate acute arterial occlusion

34
Q

A patient is referred to the department for ischemic rest pain and a non-healing ulcer on the toe. What is the most likely etiology of the patients symptoms

a) moderate atheroscloersis
b) mild chronic arterial disease
c) severe chronic occlusive disease
d) acute arterial occlusion

A

c) severe chronic occlusive disease

35
Q

Rest pain and ulcers are indicative of what type of disease

a) moderate
b) severe

A

b) severe

36
Q

Claudication is indicative of what type of disease

a) moderate
b) severe

A

a) moderate

37
Q

What causes blue toe syndrome

a) embolism
b) raynauds phenomenon
c) atherosclerosis
d) dissection

A

a) embolism
-blue toe syndrome is a sudden onset of arterial ischemia affecting only the big toe. Since the smaller digital vessels are affected it is most likely caused by an embolism

38
Q

A 29 year old male patient with a history of smoking presents with intermittent claudication while jogging. What is the most likely etiology?

a) chronic peripheral arterial disease
b) arteritis
c) buergers disease
d) popliteal entrapment

A

d) popliteal entrapment

39
Q

What is the most common type of arteritis?

a) takayasu’s arteritis
b) thromboangitis obliterans
c) arteriosclerosis
d) coarctation of the aorta

A

b) thromboangitis obliterans

40
Q

What does the delayed return of the capillary blush after pressure on the pulp of the digit indicate

a) advanced ischemia
b) raynauds phenomenon
c) acute arterial occlusion
d) chronic venous obstruction

A

a) advanced ischemia

41
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis in a patient presenting with abdominal pain and a bounding pulse?

a) aortic occlusion
b) aortic aneurysm
c) aortic dissection
d) renal artery stenosis

A

b) aortic aneurysm

42
Q

What best describes ulcers caused by severe arterial ischemia?

a) can be documented anywhere in the limb with disease
b) Always at the level of severe occlusive disease
c) Usually found on the heels of the foot
d) Most often noted on toes and dorsum of foot

A

d) Most often noted on toes and dorsum of foot

43
Q

What type of Takayasu arteritis involves the aortic arch and its branches?

a) Type 1
b) Type 2
c) Type 3
d) Type 4

A

a) Type 1

44
Q

What type of Takayasu arteritis involves the thoracic and abdominal aorta?

a) Type 1
b) Type 2
c) Type 3
d) Type 4

A

b) Type 2

45
Q

What type of Takayasu arteritis involves the aortic arch and its branches, the abdominal and thoracic aorta?

a) Type 1
b) Type 2
c) Type 3
d) Type 4

A

c) Type 3

46
Q

What type of Takayasu arteritis is related to pulmonary vessels?

a) Type 1
b) Type 2
c) Type 3
d) Type 4

A

d) Type 4

47
Q

Your patient has erythema and edema along his anterior tibial regions, this is most likely

a) venous ulcers
b) varicose veins
c) thrombophlebitis
d) cellulitis

A

d) cellulitis

Vascular board review (myultrasoundtutor) (23 decks)

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