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Vascular board review (myultrasoundtutor) > Cerebrovascular Anatomy > Flashcards

Cerebrovascular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The right common carotid artery originates at what artery

A

Brachiocephalic artery

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2
Q

What artery orginates directly off the arch

A

Left common carotid

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3
Q

The common carotid bifurcates into what arteries

A

1) ICA
2) ECA

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4
Q

70% of CCA blood goes to what artery?

a) ICA
b) ECA

A

a) ICA

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5
Q

Which artery feeds the face, neck, and scalp

a) ICA
b) ECA

A

b) ECA

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6
Q

Name the first branch of the ECA

A

Superior thyroid artery

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7
Q

Name the first branch of the ICA

A

Opthalmic artery

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8
Q

Where does the ICA terminate at

A

Circle of Willis

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9
Q

The ICA bifurcates at the circle of Willis when it bifurcates into what two arteries

A

1) ACA
2) MCA

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10
Q

The vertebral artery originates at what artery

A

Subclavian

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11
Q

The vertebral artery unites to form what artery

A

basilar artery

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12
Q

The basilar artery bifurcates into what artery

A

PCA

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13
Q

Intracranial pathway for collateral flow is the

A

Circle of Willis

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14
Q

_____% have an incomplete circle of willis

A

50

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15
Q

What two arteries supply the circle of willis

A

1) ICA
2) basilar

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16
Q

Name the three arteries supplied by the circle of willis

A

1) ACA
2) MCA
3) PCA

17
Q

What artery connects the right and left ACA

A

Anterior communicating artery

18
Q

What artery connects posterior to anterior

A

Posterior communicating artery

19
Q

_______ circulation is a network of vessels near the eye connecting the external and internal systems

A

Periorbital

20
Q

Name the 5 arteries of the periorbital circulation

A

1) supraorbital
2) superficial temporal
3) nasal
4) facial
5) ophthalmic

21
Q

High cardiac output= _______ PSV bilat

A

increased

22
Q

Poor cardiac output= ______ PSV and ______ wave profile

A

decreased and dampened

23
Q

A low hemoglobin is ______ viscous

A

Less

24
Q

A low hemoglobin leads to a ___ in resistance and overall high velocities througout

A

decrease

25
Q

If resistance is increased and there is a decrease in EDV where would the obstruction be located

a) proximal to severe obstruction
b) within the stenosis
c) distal to the obstruction

A

A) proximal to severe obstruction

26
Q

If there is focal elevation of the PSV and EDV with spectral broadening where is the level of obstruction

a) proximal to severe obstruction
b) within the stenosis
c) distal to the obstruction

A

b) within the stenosis

27
Q

If there is post stenotic turbulence, rounding of the waveform and a slow upstroke where is the level of obstruction

a) proximal to severe obstruction
b) within the stenosis
c) distal to the obstruction

A

c) distal to the obstruction

28
Q

Where does the left CCA arise?

a) left brachiocephalic trunk
b) aorta
c) left subclavian artery
d) carotid bulb

A

b) aort

29
Q

An abnormally increased resistance waveform would be an indication of what?

a) distal occlusive disease
b) proximal arterial obstruction
c) aneurysmal disease
d) cardiac malformation

A

a) distal occlusive disease

-abnormally increased resistance waveforms means a distal problem of the arterial system. Distal severe stenosis, distal arterial obstruction, distal occlusion, or distal occlusive disease are all examples of different ways to express the most likely reason for abnormal high resistance

30
Q

Where do the vertebral arteries terminate?

a) basilar artery bifurcation
b) at the basilar artery
c) carotid siphon
d) subclavian arteries

A

b) at the basilar artery

31
Q

Which of the following vessels of the Circle of Willis may be absent in a normal patient

a) posterior cerebral artery
b) posterior communcating artery
c) carotid siphon
d) middle cerebral artery

A

b) posterior communicating artery

-The essential vessels are the ones that go towards or come from the Circle: ICA, MCA, Basilar, and PCA. the connecting arteries are only used when needed as part of a collateral pathway: Anterior and Posterior communicating arteries.

32
Q

What would be a possible cause of dampened waveforms at both common carotid arteries

a) decreased left ventricular output
b) decreased blood viscosity
c) high cardiac output
d) right sided heart failure

A

a) decreased left ventricular output

-dampened, bilateral flow changes indicate the issue is coming from the heart. Poor cardiac output is the same as saying decreased left ventricular output. The arterial system would be affected by the left sided function of the heart while the right side of the heart could affect the venous system

33
Q

Name the second branch of the aortic arch

A

Left CCA

34
Q

Name the 8 branches of the ECA

A

1) superior thyroid artery
2) ascending pharyngeal artery
3) linguial artery
4) facial artery
5) occipital artery
6) posterior auricular artery
7) superficial temporal artery
8) maxillary artery

35
Q

Which vertebral artery is smaller?

a) right
b) left

A

a) right

36
Q

The vertebral and basilar arteries enter the skull through what

A

Foramen Magnum

37
Q

Name the 3 major branches of the opthalamic artery

A

1) Supraorbital
2) Frontal
3) Nasal

38
Q

The basilar artery supplies blood to what 2 vessels in the brain

A

1) pons
2) cerebellum

Vascular board review (myultrasoundtutor) (23 decks)

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