Transcranial Doppler Flashcards
What MHz transducer is used for TCD’s
2 MHz PW
What must the angle be for TCD’s
0
Why must you use PW for TCD’s
range resolution (depth or location)
Name the 4 windows used for TCD’s
1) transorbital
2) Transtemporal
3) Transforamenal
4) Submandibular
What is another name for transforamenal
suboccipital
What vessels use a transtemporal window
1) ACA
2)MCA
3) Terminal ICA
4) PCA
What is the depth for the ACA
60-80
What direction does the ACA go
Retrograde (away)
What is the depth for the MCA
30-60
What direction does the MCA go
Antegrade (towards)
What is the depth for the terminal ICA
55-65
What direction does the terminal ICA go
Bidirectional
What depth is used for the PCA
60-70
What direction does the PCA go
Antegrade (towards)
What vessels use a transorbital approach
1) opthalamic
2) ICA syphon
What is the depth for the opthalamic
40-60
What direction does the opthalamic go
Antegrade (towards)
What vessel depth is used for the ICA syphon
60-80
What direction does the ICA syphon go
Bidirectional
What vessels use a transforamenal window
1) basilar
2) vertebral
What vessel depth is used for the basilar
70-120
What direction does the basilar go
Retrograde (away)
What vessel depth is used for the vertebral
60-90
What direction does the vertebral go
Retrograde (away)
For cross over the contralateral ICA to ACA to ipsilateral ACA is through which artery
anterior communicating artery
what is the normal flow direction of the basilar artery
a) away from the probe
b) bidirectional
c) towards the probe
d) positive doppler shift
a) away from the probe
What is an indication of vasospasm due to cerebral hemorrhage
a) EDV>140cm/s in the ICA
b) turbulent flow in communicating vessels
c) PSV>120cm/s in MCA
d) tardus parvus in ACA
c) PSV > 120cm/s in MCA
What is the best explanation for duplex findings which consist of high resistance flow patterns in the ICA and low resistance patterns in the ipsilateral ECA
a) posterior to anterior collaterization
b) collateralization via anterior communicating artery
c) collateralization via the external branches of the opthalamic artery
d) normal doppler patterns
c) collateralization via external branches of the opthalamic artery
What is the normal flow direction of the MCA at the transtemporal window
a) bidirectional
b) antegrade
c) retrograde
d) variable
b) antegrade
Which of the following scenarios could cause a low resistance pattern in the ECA
a) posterior to anterior collateralization
b) external to internal collateralization
c) subclavian steal
d) cross-over collateralization
b) external to internal collateralization
When scanning through the transorbital window to evaluate the opthalamic artery, what should normal flow be
a) below the baseline
b) bidirectional
c) retrograde
d) antegrade
d) antegrade
Upon TCD, a bidirectional signal is obtained at 57 mm depth from the temporal window. Which finding corresponds to what is being documented
a) anterior cerebral and anterior communicating artery flow
b) arteriovenous fistula
c) middle cerebral and anterior cerebral artery flow
d) mirror image artifact
c) middle cerebral and anterior cerebral artery flow
Which intracranial vessel has retrograde flow scanning from the temple
a) MCA
b) ACA
c) ICA
d) PCA
b) ACA
During TCD, what diagnostic finding would be consistent with left to right hemisphere collateralization
a) flow towards the transducer in the right MCA
b) flow towards the transducer in the left ACA
c) flow in the transducer in the right ACA
d) bidirectional flow in the left ICA bifurcation
c) flow towards the transducer in the right ACA
A right handed patient presents with expressive aphasia and left paresis. Obstruction of which of the following vessels is most likely responsible for these symtpoms
a) left ICA
b) left vertebral
c) basilar
d) right ICA
d) right ICA
- in a right handed person the left hemisphere is dominant for speech. A lesion in the left MCA would cause dysphasia or aphasia
In TCD, with the probe placed over the right temporal bone, flow in the right ACA will be
a) oriented away from the probe
b) oriented toward the probe
c) oriented at 90 to the probe
d) the right MCA cannnot be seen from this window
a) oriented away from the probe
In TCD, with the probe placed in the foramen magnum window, flow toward the probe in the vertebral artery is indicative of
a) normalcy
b) subclavian steal
c) basilar artery stenosis
d) ICA stenosis
b) subclavian steal
A TIA of left amaurosis fugax is caused by a blockage in what vessel
a) Right ICA
b) Left ICA
c) Left ECA
d) Left CCA
b) Left ICA
-Left eye= Left ICA
amaurosis fugax always goes with the same side ICA
The blood flow velocity parameter commonly reported in transcranial doppler is:
a) peak systolic velocity
b) flow volume
c) time-averaged peak velocity
d) time-averaged mean velocity
c) time-averaged peak velocity
TCD findings of vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage are
a) absent flow in the MCA
b) reversal of flow in the MCA
c) bi-directional flow in the MCA
d) greatly increased mean velocities in the MCA
d) greatly increased mean velocities in the MCA
Which of the following is TCD not indicated for?
a) vasospasm
b) sickle cell disease
c) temporal arteritis
d) ophthalmic artery occlusion
c) temporal arteritis
