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Anatomy > Veins, Fetal Circulation, Lymphatic System, and Endocrine System > Flashcards

Veins, Fetal Circulation, Lymphatic System, and Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

deep vein that drains blood from the lateral side of the hand

A

radial vein

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2
Q

deep vein that drains blood form the medial side of the hand

A

ulnar vein

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3
Q

superficial vein that merges with the axillary vein on the lateral side of the arm, drains the superficial portion of the hand

A

cephalic vein

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4
Q

superficial vein of the arm that merges with the brachial vein to become the axillary vein

A

basilic vein

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5
Q

a vein that forms a bridge between the cephalic vein and the basilic vein; blood can be sampled at this site

A

median cubital vein

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6
Q

vein that runs deep on the medial side of the arm and receives blood from the radial and ulnar veins

A

brachial vein

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7
Q

vein in the armpit region, this vessel merges with the cephalic vein to become the subclavian vein

A

axillary vein

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8
Q

passes inferior to the clavicle, becomes brachiocephalic vein

A

subclavian vein

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9
Q

paired vessel that drains into subclavian vein; superficial to sternocleidomastoid

A

external jugular vein

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10
Q

a large and deep vein that parallels the common carotid artery, deep to sternocleidomastoid

A

internal jugular vein

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11
Q

paired vessel that receives blood from the subclavian vein, enters the superior vena cava

A

brachiocephalic vein

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12
Q

one of the major vessels connected the right atrium of the heart, drains the upper body

A

superior vena cava

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13
Q

paired vein originating from the subclavian vein descending down the posterior side of the rib cage

A

internal thoracic vein

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14
Q

collects blood from vertebrae and thoracic wall; drains into azygos vein

A

intercostal vein

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15
Q

merges with the superior vena cava in proximity to the right atrium, receives blood from the posterior thoracic region

A

azygos vein

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16
Q

one of two major vessels connected to the right atrium, drains lower body

A

inferior vena cava

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17
Q

located on the superior aspect of the liver, drains the portal system and empties into the inferior vena cava near the right atrium

A

hepatic vein

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18
Q

receives blood from the capillaries associated with the digestive organs, formed by union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins

A

hepatic portal vein

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19
Q

the vein that carries blood from the small and large intestines

A

superior mesenteric vein

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20
Q

a group of veins that drain the posterior abdominal wall, vertebral column and spinal cord and return to the inferior vena cava

A

lumbar vein

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21
Q

found on the lesser curvature of the stomach drains this portion of the stomach

A

gastric vein

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22
Q

located on the greater curvature where it drains nutrients and wastes from the stomach into the splenic and superior mesenteric veins

A

gastro-omental (gastorepiploic) vein

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23
Q

vein that drains the spleen, receives blood from four other veins (inferior mesenteric vein, pancreatic veins, short gastric veins, right gastroepiploic vein)

A

splenic vein

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24
Q

from the gonad, the right vein drains into the inferior vena cava while the left vein drains into the left renal vein

A

gonadal vein

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25
Q

paired vessel that drains the kidney, merges with the inferior vena cava

A

renal vein

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26
Q

paired vessel that drains the adrenal gland

A

suprarenal vein

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27
Q

drains the large intestine, flows directly into the splenic vein

A

inferior mesenteric vein

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28
Q

receives blood form the internal and external iliac veins and returns blood to the inferior vena cava

A

common iliac vein

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29
Q

superficial vessel that receives blood from the femoral vein, returns blood to common iliac vein

A

external iliac vein

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30
Q

deep branch that drains the gluteal region, returns blood to the common iliac vein

A

internal iliac vein

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31
Q

the medial sacral vein courses along the middle of the anterior surface of the sacrum and drains into the left common iliac vein.

A

median sacral vein

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32
Q

vein that ascend form the foot anterior to the tibia to the posterior knee where it becomes the popliteal vein.

A

anterior tibial vein

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33
Q

vein that ascend from the foot along the posterior aspect of the tibia where it becomes the popliteal vein

A

posterior tibial vein

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34
Q

vein that drains the posterior knee region

A

popliteal vein

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35
Q

major vein of the thigh that receives blood from the deep femoral and great saphenous vein

A

femoral vein

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36
Q

ascend from the posterior aspect of the leg in the groin area

A

deep femoral vein

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37
Q

returns blood from the arch of the foot and ascend to the level of the thigh where it empties into the femoral vein

A

great saphenous vein

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38
Q

major organ in which material and fetal blood exchange nutrients, waste products and gases

A

placenta

39
Q

the elongated structure that connects the fetus to the placenta; contains a large vein and two arteries

A

umbilical cord

40
Q

delivers oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus

A

umbilical vein

41
Q

paired vessels that deliver deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta

A

umbilical artery

42
Q

branch of the umbilical vein that enters directly into the inferior vena cava, bypassing the portal system of the liver

A

ductus venosus

43
Q

opening within the interatrial septum that acts to bypass the pulmonary circulation

A

foramen ovale

44
Q

shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aorta; bypasses pulmonary circulation

A

ductus arteriosus

45
Q

consist of lymphatic cells within an extracellular connective tissue matrix

A

lymphatic organs

46
Q

small structures containing lymphatic tissue (phagocytic cells, etc.) through which lymph is filtered

A

lymph nodes

47
Q

located on the left side of the abdominal cavity functions include cleansing the blood of retired old red blood cells

A

spleen

48
Q

located in the thoracic region deep to manubrium, visible in childhood, atrophies in adulthood; functions in the immune system

A

thymus

49
Q

lymph tissue located at the back of the throat

A

tonsils

50
Q

expanded, saclike chamber located at the base of the thoracic duct; receives lymph from the lower abdomen, pelvis and lower limbs

A

cisterna chyli

51
Q

located mid-thoracic and ventral to the spinal cord; drains lymph from lower and left upper body into the left subclavian vein

A

thoracic duct

52
Q

drains lymph from the right upper body into the right subclavian vein

A

right lymphatic duct

53
Q

ductless glands that release hormones into the blood stream where they are transported to target tissues

A

endocrine glands

54
Q

composed of two halves, the adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis

A

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

55
Q

attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus

A

infundibulum

56
Q

anterior portion of the pituitary, hormones produced and secreted include. . . .

A

anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

57
Q

stimulates maturation of sperm and follicle cells

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

58
Q

stimulates secretion of sex hormones in both males and females

A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

59
Q

regulates the adrenal cortex

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

60
Q

regulates thyroid gland

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

61
Q

stimulates production of milk in the breasts

A

prolactin

62
Q

regulates body growth and bone elongation

A

growth hormone (GH)

63
Q

stimulates the melanocytes to produce melanin

A

melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

64
Q

posterior portion of the pituitary, hormons secreted includes . . . .

A

posterior pituitary gland (neurohypophysis)

65
Q

targets the smooth muscles of the uterus causing uterine contractions and milk ejection in the breasts

A

oxytocin

66
Q

targets kidney tubules for water retention by reducing water loss from kidneys

A

antidiuretic hormone (vassopressin)

67
Q

located in the neck region anterior to the trochlea and inferior to the thyroid cartilage; secretes . . . .

A

thyroid gland

68
Q

controls rate of growth and energy metabolism

A

triiodothyronine

69
Q

controls rate of growth and energy metabolism

A

thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine)

70
Q

prevents loss of calcium from bone, reduces calcium in blood stream

A

calcitonin

71
Q

paired gland on the posterior side of the thyroid secretes . . .

A

parathyroid gland

72
Q

antagonistic to calcitonin in regulating blood calcium levels, aka increases calcium levels in blood

A

parathyroid hormone

73
Q

an irregularly shaped structure in the posterior abdomen which has both exocrine and endocrine functions

A

pancreas

74
Q

enhances breakdown of glycogen within the liver, increases blood sugar

A

glucagon

75
Q

enhances storage of glycogen by the liver and muscle cells, decreases glucose level in blood stream

A

insulin

76
Q

located directly above the kidneys

A

adrenal (suprarenal) gland

77
Q

outside portion of the adrenal gland, secretes corticosteroids

A

cortex

78
Q

regulates sodium and water eliminated by kidney tubules

A

aldosterone

79
Q

anti-inflammatory, anti-stress compound

A

cortisol

80
Q

sex hormones

A

androgens

81
Q

inside portion of the adrenal gland, secretes . . .

A

medulla

82
Q

catecholamine that increases blood pressure and prepares body fro stressful, physical activity

A

norepinephrine

83
Q

catecholamine that increases blood pressure and prepares the body for stressful, physical activity

A

epinephrine

84
Q

glands located in the scrotum that produce and secrete. . .

A

testes

85
Q

induce the development of internal and external male sex organs

A

testosterone

86
Q

glands located on each side of the uterus that produce and secrete . . .

A

ovaries

87
Q

induces development and controls the function of the female reproductive organs

A

estrogen

88
Q

invovled in maturation of the uterine endometrium, allowing implantation of the fertilized egg

A

progesterone

89
Q

found in the brain, secretes melatonin which may regulate the daily cycle

A

pineal gland (body)

90
Q

regulates circadian rhythms

A

melatonin

91
Q

located superior to heart, function associated with the immune system (T-lymphocytes and T-cells), most visible in fetus

A

thymus

92
Q

stimulate the differentiation, growth, and maturation of T-lymphocytes

A

thymopoietin and thymosins

93
Q

controls maternal exchange of nutrients and wastes and produces HCG, progesterone and estrogen

A

placenta

94
Q

acts on corpus luteum

A

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

Anatomy (12 decks)

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