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Anatomy > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

forehead

A

frontal bone

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2
Q

superior ridge of the eye socket

A

supraorbital margin

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3
Q

the ridge of the eye socket, indicating the location of the frontal sinus

A

superciliary arch

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4
Q

triangular part on the forehead

A

glabella

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5
Q

cavity within frontal bone

A

frontal sinus

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6
Q

pair flat bone on superior portion of skull

A

parietal bone

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7
Q

runs between frontal and parietal bones

A

coronal suture

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8
Q

runs between parietal bones

A

sagittal suture

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9
Q

paired bone on lateral side of skull

A

temporal bone

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10
Q

runs between temporal bone and parietal bone

A

squamous suture

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11
Q

articulates with condylar process of mandible

A

mandibular fossa

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12
Q

articulation of the mandibular fossa and condylar process

A

temporomandibular joint

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13
Q

opening in the temporal bone extending to inner ear

A

external auditory meatus

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14
Q

dense bony ridge on interior surface of temporal bone, location of middle and inner ear cavities

A

petrous part

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15
Q

short canal in petrous part of the temporal bone, extending laterally towards the inner ear

A

internal auditory meatus

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16
Q

long sharp process of the temporal bone extending inferiorly, like a stylus

A

styloid process

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17
Q

rounded process of the temporal bone posterior to the styloid process and extending inferiorly

A

mastoid process

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18
Q

located between the styloid and mastoid processes, passageway for facial nerve

A

stylomastoid foramen

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19
Q

located on petrous part of the temporal bone anterior to the jugular foramen, anterior to mastoid and styloid process

A

carotid canal

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20
Q

located on inferior petrous part of the temporal bone posterior to the carotid canal

A

jugular foramen

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21
Q

arch of bone extending anteriorly from the temporal bone

A

zygomatic process

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22
Q

paired bone which participates with the zygomatic process, cheek bones

A

zygomatic bone

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23
Q

arch of bone extending posteriorly from the zygomatic bone

A

temporal process

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24
Q

formed by union of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of temporal bone

A

zygomatic arch

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25
Q

most posterior and inferior bone of the skull

A

occipital bone

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26
Q

runs transversely joining the occipital and parietal bone

A

lambdoid suture

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27
Q

median protrusion on the occipital bone posterior and superior to foreman magnum

A

external occipital protuberance

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28
Q

runs horizontally from external occipital protuberance

A

superior nuchal line

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29
Q

diagonal extension of the superior nugal line towards the mastoid process

A

lateral superior nuchal line

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30
Q

large opening on the inferior part of the skull

A

foramen magnum

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31
Q

paired rounded process lateral to the foramen magnum

A

occipital condyle

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32
Q

paired canal superior to occipital condyle

A

hypoglossal canal

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33
Q

region of the occipital bone anterior to foramen magnum,

A

basilar part

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34
Q

butterfly-shaped bone forming the floor of the cranium

A

sphenoid bone

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35
Q

posterior and inferior to lesser wing on interior of the skull, also visible in the posterior orbit and lateral side of the skull

A

greater wing

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36
Q

anterior and superior to greater wing on the interior skull

A

lesser wing

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37
Q

fissure between greater and lesser wings of sphenoid visible from the orbits, upper fissure

A

superior orbital fissure

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38
Q

fissure in the orbit floor between maxilla and greater wing of sphenoid, lower fissure

A

inferior orbital fissure

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39
Q

saddle-like depression posterior to lesser wing

A

sella turcica

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40
Q

paired cavity located within the sphenoid, inferior to the sella turcica

A

sphenoid sinus

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41
Q

paired opening through lesser wing of the sphenoid

A

optic canal

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42
Q

paired opening at the posterior margin of the sphenoid

A

foramen spinosum

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43
Q

paired opening lateral to the base of the sella turcica

A

foramen ovale

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44
Q

paired opening lateral to the sella turcica

A

foramen lacerum

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45
Q

paired opening anterior to the foramen ovale

A

foramen rotundum

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46
Q

sharp process that laterally and inferiorly project from the sphenoid

A

lateral pterygoid plate

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47
Q

sharp process that medially and inferiorly projects from the sphenoid

A

medial pterygoid plate

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48
Q

irregular bone with a cranial suture surrounding it

A

sutural bone

49
Q

located between the orbits and between sphenoid and nasal bones, forms roof of nasal cavity

A

ethmoid bone

50
Q

superior projection on the middle of the cribriform plate

A

crista galli

51
Q

porous bone surrounding the crista galli in the floor of the cranium through which olfactory nerves pass

A

cribriform plate

52
Q

numerous cavities within the ethmoid bone

A

ethmoid sinus

53
Q

median inferior projection of the ethmoid, forms superior nasal septum

A

perpendicular plate

54
Q

bone forming the inferior and posterior portion of the nasal septum

A

vomer

55
Q

paired internal openings of the nasal cavity on either side of the vomer

A

choanae

56
Q

bone that protrudes into the inferior part of the nasal cavity, also known as the inferior turbinate bone

A

inferior nasal concha

57
Q

posterior bone of the hard palate

A

palatine bone

58
Q

paired fused bone of the upper jaw and central face

A

maxilla

59
Q

paired cavity found within the maxilla

A

maxillary sinus

60
Q

paired opening inferior to the orbit

A

infraorbital foramen

61
Q

anterior portion of the hard palate

A

palatine process

62
Q

bony portion of the roof of the mouth, includes palatine bone and palatine process of the of the maxilla bone

A

hard palate

63
Q

paired bone composing the superior portion (bridge) of the nose

A

nasal bone

64
Q

paired bone forming part of the medial wall of the orbit

A

lacrimal bone

65
Q

opening in the lacrimal bone

A

nasolacrimal canal

66
Q

lower jaw

A

mandible

67
Q

most anterior part extending horizontally to the angle of the mandible

A

body

68
Q

where the body and ramus of the madible meet

A

angle

69
Q

vertical portion of the mandible extending from the angle

A

ramus

70
Q

anterior process of the ramus

A

coronoid process

71
Q

the most posterior process of the ramus of mandible, which contributes to the temporomandibular joint

A

condylar process

72
Q

separates the coronoid from the condylar process

A

mandibular notch

73
Q

paired opening on the medial surface of the ramus

A

mandibular foramen

74
Q

protrusion in the center of the chin indicating fusion of the two mandibular bodies

A

mental protuberance

75
Q

socket lined with connective tissue in which a tooth is fastened

A

alveolus

76
Q

projection of the maxilla and mandible where tooth sockets are located

A

alveolar margin

77
Q

U-shaped bone in the neck superior to the larynx

A

hyoid bone

78
Q

fibrocartilage cushions between the vertebral bodies

A

intervertebral disc

79
Q

basic bone unit of the vertebral column

A

vertebra

80
Q

anterior portion of the vertebra

A

body

81
Q

opening posterior to vertebral body through which the spinal cord passes

A

vertebral foramen

82
Q

posterior projection from vertebral body that supports the lamina

A

pedicle

83
Q

lateral projections of the vertebra for muscle/ligament attachment

A

transverse process

84
Q

paired arches supported by the pedicles located posterior to the vertebral body

A

lamina

85
Q

most posterior projection of the vertebra for muscle/ligament attachement

A

spinous process

86
Q

paired (superior and inferior) process which articulates with process of adjacent vertebrae

A

articular process

87
Q

smooth surface of articular process

A

articular facet

88
Q

Total 7, neck region, smalles vertebrae

A

cervical vertebrae

89
Q

paired opening on the transverse process

A

transverse foramen

90
Q

C1 supports head

A

atlas

91
Q

C2 serves as pivotal point for atlas and skull

A

axis

92
Q

process of the axis which passes through the vertebral foramen of the atlas

A

dens

93
Q

Total 12, vertebrae that connect to ribs, articular facets face forward, not towards each other

A

Thoracic vertebrae

94
Q

depression on transverse process, articulates with the tubercle of the ribs

A

costal facet

95
Q

half facet on superior and inferior edges of each vertebral body, articulates with head of ribs

A

costal demifacet

96
Q

Total 5, biggest vertebrae, articular facets face inward towards each other.

A

Lumbar vertebrae

97
Q

Total 5 fused vertebrae forming posterior wall of pelvis

A

sacrum

98
Q

lateral part that articulates with the os coxa through the sacroilac joint of pelvis

A

auricular surface

99
Q

fused posterior spinous process of sacral vertebrae

A

median sacral crest

100
Q

openings on the posterior side of the sacrum

A

posterior sacral foramina

101
Q

openings on the anterior side of the sacrum

A

anterior sacral foramina

102
Q

4 fused vertebrae forming the triangular “tail bone”

A

coccyx

103
Q

anterior midline anchor for the ribs, composed of three bones

A

sternum

104
Q

superior portion of the sternum that articulates with the clavicle at its clavicular notch

A

manubrium

105
Q

important anatomical landmark located in the superior portion of the manubrium

A

jugular notch

106
Q

middle portion of the sternum that articulates with T2-T7 cartilage

A

body

107
Q

paired site on the sternum for attachment of costal cartilage

A

costal notch

108
Q

small inferior portion of the sternum

A

xiphoid process

109
Q

connective tissue that connects the ribs and the sternum

A

costal cartilage

110
Q

12 pairs (24 total)

A

ribs

111
Q

7 of these ribs, attach to T1-T7

A

true ribs

112
Q

5 of these, all attach indirectly to the sternum also connected to T8-T12

A

false ribs

113
Q

2 of these, do not attach to sternum at all, T11-T12

A

floating ribs

114
Q

rounded part of rib which articulates with the costal demifacet on the body of the thoracic vertebrae

A

head

115
Q

region between the head and the tubercle of the rib

A

neck

116
Q

prominence near the head of the rib which articulates with the costal facet located on the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

A

tubercle

117
Q

curved portion of the rib

A

angle

118
Q

elongated part of the rib associated anteriorly with costal cartilage

A

shaft

119
Q

groove on the inferior side of the rib shaft

A

costal groove

Anatomy (12 decks)

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