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Anatomy > Heart and Arteries > Flashcards

Heart and Arteries Flashcards

1
Q

space in the medial thoracic cavity between the two pleural cavities in which the hear and other organs are located

A

mediastinum

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2
Q

outer, dense connective tissue layer of pericardium

A

fibrous pericardium

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3
Q

protective sac that encloses the heart

A

perietal pericardium

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4
Q

space between parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium (epicardium), contains lubricating fluid

A

pericardial cavity

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5
Q

the outer covering in the heart

A

epicardium (visceral pericardium)

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6
Q

the innermost lining of the heart

A

endocardium

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7
Q

the muscle layer of the heart, causes the heart to contract

A

myocardium

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8
Q

membrane that partitions the two atria

A

interatrial septum

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9
Q

myocaridal tissue that partitions the two ventricles

A

interventricular septum

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10
Q

inferior pointed portion of the heart

A

apex

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11
Q

receives blood from head and upper body and drains into the right atrium

A

superior vena cava

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12
Q

receives blood from the legs and trunk and drains into the right atrium

A

inferior vena cava

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13
Q

return deoxygenated blood from the myocardium to coronary sinus

A

coronary veins

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14
Q

large vessel on the left posterior heart between atria and ventricle, receives venous blood from the coronary veins and drains into the right atrium

A

coronary sinus

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15
Q

superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the venae cavae and coronary sinus

A

right atrium

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16
Q

anterior part of the atrium, flap like extension

A

right auricle

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17
Q

muscular ridge within both auricles and anterior walls of the atria

A

pectinate

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18
Q

located between right atrium and right ventricle, prevents backflow into the right atrium during ventricular contraction

A

right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve

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19
Q

right inferior portion of the heart, sends blood to the pulmonary trunk

A

right ventricle

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20
Q

ridges of muscle in the endocardium of the ventricles

A

trabeculae carneae

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21
Q

small muscles that fasten the chordae tendineae to the ventricular wall

A

papillary muscle

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22
Q

strands of connective tissue that holds the valves in position while the heart is contracting

A

chordae tendineae

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23
Q

prevents backflow of the blood from the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle during ventricular relaxation

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

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24
Q

a large vessel on the anterior superior portion of the heart that recieves blood form the right ventricle and directs it to lungs via the pulmonary arteries

A

pulmonary trunk

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25
Q

paired branches of the pulmonary trunk that direct deoxygenated blood to the lungs to be oxygenated

A

pulmonary arteries

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26
Q

two vessels from each lung that return oxygenated blood to the heart’s left atrium

A

pulmonary viens

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27
Q

receives blood form the lungs via the pulmonary veins

A

left atrium

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28
Q

anterior part of the atrium, flap like extenstion

A

left auricle

29
Q

located between atrium and ventricle on the left side, prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular contraction

A

left atrioventricular (bicuspid, mitral) valve

30
Q

composed of an unusually thick myocardial wall for contraction against high pressure

A

left ventricle

31
Q

three half-moon shaped cusps that prevent backflow of blood from the aorta to the relaxed left ventricle

A

aortic semilunar valve

32
Q

receives blood from the left ventricle

A

ascending aorta

33
Q

vessels that branch immediately from the ascending aorta, supply blood to the myocardium

A

coronary arteries

34
Q

curved portion of the aorta that extend superior and posterior to the pulmonary trunk

A

aortic arch

35
Q

portion of the aorta that decends from the aortic arch and continues inferiorly until it divides into the common iliac arteries

A

descending aorta

36
Q

first branch of the aortic arch, unpaired vessel originating from the aortic arch that supplies blood to the right arm and head through the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries

A

brachiocephalic trunk (artery)

37
Q

middle branch originating from the aortic arch, supplies the left side of the neck and head through the external and internal carotids

A

left common carotid artery

38
Q

the last branch of the aortic arch, supplies the left upper limb through the axillary artery

A

left subclavian artery

39
Q

one of two branches of the brachiocephalic trunk, delivers blood to right side of head and neck

A

right common carotid artery

40
Q

paired artery located anterior to internal carotid artery, divides into arteries such as the facial artery that supply all structures of head except brain

A

external carotid artery

41
Q

paired artery located posterior to the external carotid, enters the skull via the carotid canal of the temporal bone, supplies the orbit and cerebrum

A

internal carotid artery

42
Q

located inferior to the clavicle, supplies upper limbs through axillary artery; the right subclavian artery is one of the two branches of the brachiocephalic trunk

A

right subclavian artery

43
Q

paired, originates form the sublavian arter, passes through the transverse foramen and the foramen magnum, forms the basilar artery

A

vertebral artery

44
Q

paired artery originating form the subclavian artery descending down the posterior side of the rib cage

A

internal thoracic artery

45
Q

continuation of the subclavian artery, it passes through the armpit region and gives rise to the deep brachial and brachial arteries

A

axillary artery

46
Q

continuation of the axillary artery, this artery descends the medial side of the humerus then branches into the radial and ulnar arteries

A

brachial artery

47
Q

a branch of the brachial artery that descends the radial side and supplies the forearm

A

radial artery

48
Q

a branch of the brachial artery that descends the ulnar side and supplies the forearm

A

ulnar artery

49
Q

supply the intercostal muscles, arterial branches of the internal thoracic artery

A

intercostal artery

50
Q

short vessel arising from the aorta inferior to the diaphragm, divides into three branches

A

celiac trunk

51
Q

supplies the spleen

A

splenic artery

52
Q

supplies the stomach

A

left gastric artery

53
Q

supplies the liver, branches into right gastric and gastroduodenal arteries

A

common hepatic artery

54
Q

a branch from the descending aorta inferior to the celiac trunk, supplies the majority of the small intestine and part of the large intestine

A

superior mesenteric artery

55
Q

paired branch of the descending aorta that supplies the kidneys

A

renal artery

56
Q

paired lateral aortic branch that supplies the adrenal glands

A

suprarenal artery

57
Q

paired branch of the descending aorta at the L-2 level that supplies the gonad of the male/female

A

gonadal artery

58
Q

branch of the descending aorta located immediately superior to the bifurcation into the common iliac arteries, supplies part of the large intestine and the rectum

A

inferior mesenteric artery

59
Q

four paired branches off the posterior side of the descending aorta, supply lumbar muscles and spinal cord

A

lumbar artery

60
Q

a branch of the descending aorta, supply the region of the sacrum and coccyx

A

middle (median) sacral artery

61
Q

bifurcation of the descending aorta, supplies lower extremities and divides into the internal and external iliac arteries

A

common iliac artery

62
Q

deep branch of the common iliac artery that supplies the genital organs and gluteal muscles of the pelvic region

A

internal iliac artery

63
Q

superficial branch of the common iliac artery that continues as the femoral artery

A

external iliac artery

64
Q

continuation of the external iliac artery after it transverses the inguinal ligament, supplies the muscles of the thigh

A

femoral artery

65
Q

a branch of the femoral artery that supplies the posterior thigh muscles

A

deep femoral artery

66
Q

continuation of the femoral artery in the region of the posterior knee, supplies the knee joint, divides into posterior and anterior tibial arteries

A

popliteal artery

67
Q

derived from the popliteal artery, supplies the extensor muscles of the lower leg, ankel and dorsal side of the foot

A

anterior tibial artery

68
Q

supplies the flexor and peroneal muscles of the lower leg, sole and toes

A

posterior tibial artery

Anatomy (12 decks)

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