Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
slender curved bone which connects the scapula to the sternum
clavicle
most medial part of the clavicle which forms a joint with the sternum, ends abruptly
sternal end
most lateral part of the clavicle which forms a joint with the scapula
acromial end
triangular shaped shoulder blade
scapula
posterior ridge of scapula
spine
scapular process extending laterally from the spine of the scapula, articulates with the clavicle
acromion process
process on the anterior, superior side of the scapula near the glenoid cavity extending laterally
coracoid process
lateral aspect of scapula which serves as point of articulation with the humerus
glenoid fossa/cavity
prominence superior to the glenoid fossa
supraglenoid tubercle
prominence inferior to the glenoid fossa
infraglenoid tubercle
depression on the anterior surface of the scapula
supscapular fossa
to ridge
superior border
junction of the superior and medial borders
superior angle
vertebral side of scapula
medial border
junction of the medial and lateral borders
inferior angle
axillary side of scapula
lateral border
long bone of the upper arm
humerus
proximal rounded portion which articulates with the glenoid cavity of scapula
head
tapering of the humerus immediately inferior to the head
anatomical neck
a process lateral to the humeral head and inferior to the anatomical neck
greater tubercle
process anterior to the greater tubercle of the humerus
lesser tubercle
groove between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
intertubercular groove
tapering region of the humeral shaft inferior to the anatomical neck
surgical neck
elevation on lateral side of the humeral shaft for muscle attachment
deltoid tuberosity
lateral condyle on the distal end of the humerus which articulates with the head of the radius
capitulum
medial condyle on the distal end of the humerus which articulates with the trochlear notch
trochlea
located on the distal end of the humerus superior to the capitulum
lateral epicondyle
located on the distal end of the humerus superior to the trochela
medial epicondyle
smooth prominence located proximal to medial epicondyle for muscle attachement
medial supracondylar ridge
smooth prominece located proximal to lateral epicondyle for muscle attachment
lateral supracondylar ridge
located on the anterior side of the distal end of the humerus superior to the trochlea and articulates with the coronoid process of the ulna
coronoid fossa
located on the posterior side of the distal end of the humerus superior to the trochlea and articulates with the olecranon process of the ulna
olecranon fossa
the medial bone of the forearm
ulna
half moon shaped notch which forms a hinge joint with the trochlea of the humerus
trochlear notch
located on the proximal end of the ulna, smaller than and distal to the olecranon process
coronoid process
located on the proximal end of the ulna, larger than and proximal to the coronoid process
olecranon process
depression on the proximal end of the ulna, articulates with the head of the radius.
radial notch
short vertical ridge inferior to radial notch
supinator crest
ridge along the lateral portion of the ulnar shaft that points towards the radius
interosseous crest
distal region of the ulna
head
medial projection at the distal end
styloid process
lateral bone of the forearm
radius
knob on the proximal end of radius
head
region between head and radial tuberosity
neck
a roughened elevation on radial shaft
radial tuberosity
ridge along medial portion of the shaft that points towards the ulna
interosseous crest
depression on the medial distal end of the radius, articulates with the head of the ulna
ulnar notch
lateral projection on the distal end
styloid process
consisting of eight wrist bones arranged into two rows of four
carpals
1st carpal
scaphoid
2nd carpal
lunate
3rd carpal
triquetrum
4th carpal
pisiform
5th carpal
hamate
6th carpal
capitate
7th carpal
trapezoid
8th carpal
trapezium
five bones forming the palm
metacarpals
14 total, 4 digits each consisting of proximal, middle, and distal bone; the pollex having only two, each phalanx has a proximal base and a distal head.
phalanges
hip bone, composed of the ilium, ischium, and pubis
os coxa
large opening between ischium and pubis
obturator foramen
lateral depression of the os coxa which articulates with the head of femur
acetabulum
superior flattened portion of the os coxa
ilium
ridge on the superior border of the ilium
iliac crest
a depression on medial side of the fan-shaped portion of the ilium
iliac fossa
anterior termination of the iliac crest
anterior superior iliac spine
process inferior to the anterior superior iliac spine
anterior inferior iliac spine
posterior termination of the iliac crest
posterior superior iliac spine
process inferior to the posterior superior iliac spine
posterior inferior iliac spine
posterior indentation in ilium
greater sciatic notch
region on the ilium for articulation with the sacrum
auricular surface
back side of the ilium
gluteal surface
posterior and inferior portion of the os coxa
ischium
process located posterior to the acetabulum
ischial spine
notch immediately inferior to the ischial spine
lesser sciatic notch
inferior roughened surface of the ischium for ligament and muscle attachment
ischial tuberosity
flattened part of ischium
ramus
most anterior portion of the os coxa
pubis
flattened superior border of the obturator foramen
superior ramus
flattened medial border of the obturator foramen
inferior ramus
anterior prominence superior to the pubic symphysis, lateral end of pubic crest
pubic tubercle
ridge medial to the pubic tubercle that meets the pubic symphysis
pubic crest
joint with fibrocartilage disc joining the two os coxa anteriorly
pubic symphysis
bone of the upper leg
femur
superior rounded portion that forms a ball and socket joint with the acetabulum
head
central depression on the femoral head for a ligamentous attachment to the acetabulum
fovea capitis
narrowed part which connects the head to the shaft at a lateral angle
neck
the diaphysis or femoral body
shaft
large prominece lateral to the femoral head
greater trochanter
smaller prominence inferior to the head of the medial side of the femur
lesser trochanter
region formed posteriorly between the greater and lesser trochanters
intertrochanteric crest
region formed anteriorly between the greater and lesser trochanters
intertrochanteric line
roughened surface adjacent to prolonged lateral ridge of superior linea aspera
gluteal tuberosity
rough surface on the posterior side of the femur extending vertically along the shaft
linea aspera
medial knob on the distal end of the femur which forms a hinge joint with the tibia
medial condyle
lateral knob on the distal end of the femur which forms a hinge joint with the tibia
lateral condyle
medial elevation on the distal end of the femur superior and medial to the medial condyle
medial epicondyle
lateral elevation on the distal end of the femur superior and lateral to the lateral condyle
lateral epicondyle
smooth prominence located proximal to medial epicondlye
medial supracondylar ridge
smooth prominence located proximal to lateral epicondyle
lateral supracondylar ridge
posterior notch located between the condyles
intercondylar notch
anterior depression located between the femoral condyles
patellar surface
triangular sesamoid bone
patella
pointed inferior end of the patell
apex
superior flat portion of the patella
base
depressions of the patella which articulate with the femoral condyles
articular facets
the anteriomedial bone of the lower leg
tibia
distal medial process forming the ankle bulge of bone
medial malleolus
medial depression on the proximal end of the tibia which articulates with the femur
medial condyle
lateral depression on the proximal end of the tibia which articulates with the femur
lateral condyle
process between condyles of tibia
intercondylar eminence
lateral to medial line on posterior side of tibia
soleal line
rough surface on the anterior and proximal surface of the tibia
tibial tuberosity
long vertical ridge on the anterior surface of the tibia, aka shin
anterior crest
lateral notch on the distal end of the tibia where the tibia and fibula articulate
fibular notch
long thin bone lateral and slightly posterior of tibia
fibula
knob at the proximal end of fibula
head
lateral process on the distal end of the fibula
lateral malleolus
posterior foot comprised of seven bones
tarsals
Tarsal on top of all the other ones
talus
Tarsal that makes your heel bone
calcaneus
roughened portion the the back of your heel bone
calcaneal tuberosity
most lateral and anterior of your tarsals
cuboid
medial tarsal next to talus
navicular
set of three tarsals, most lateral one
lateral cuneiform
set of three tarsals, middle one
intermediate cuneiform
set of three tarsals, most medial
medial cuneiform
middle portion of the foot comprised of five bones
metatarsals
14 Total, four digits each consisting of three smaller bones, the hallux having only two. each phalanx has a base and a distal head
phalanges
