Vehicle Extrication Flashcards
Which class of lever is designed to moved objects horizontally
Class 2
Flapping or removing the roof removes:
The risk of side impact protection systems
What type of fuel is gasoline and diesel
Hydrocarbon based
Request the response of who whenever structural stability is in question
Building department
Airbags can deploy at speeds
Up to 200 mph
Which class of lever is the most efficient
Class 1
What is the primary hazard at most vehicle incidents
Fire
What are safe work distances from airbags
5-10-12-18-20
5 from side impact and knee bolsters
10 from driver frontal airbags
10-18 from impact curtains
20 from passenger frontal airbags
Which side of a battery should be disconnected first
Negative to prevent a short circuit
Third door conversion is
Creating a wider door opening on a 2-door vehicle
The exact location in which the metal or other object prevents or limits the victims from movement in a vehicle is called
Point of entrapment aka disentanglement point
The easiest way for rescuers to access passenger vehicles is to use the
Existing entry points
Lift bags are more stable if
They are stacked alternately with the cribbing
Seatbelt pretensioners are typically located
Near the bottom of the B post
What are front tires of tractors filled with
90 percent solution of calcium chloride or ethylene glycol and water
Fourth door conversion is
Creating another door in a panel or work van
Before removing the roof place a step chock where
Under the B-Post of unibody vehicles
Where should the stream be directed on an LPG tank on fire
Top of the tank to provide adequate cooking
On a vehicle incident scene, which function group is responsible for providing fire protection at the incident
Suppression group
When stabilizing a side-resting vehicle with struts rescuers must assess:
Vehicle construction, condition and integrity
What is the difference between operations and technician level on VMR Ops
Commercial and heavy vehicles
Posts can also be called what
Pillars
When removing a door rescuers must first determine:
Hinge side or latch side
What are the keys to effective response, organization and management
Planning and training
Stacked lift bags can only lift the capacity of:
The lowest rated device
A personnel accountability system is needed:
Any operation that requires rescuers to enter a hazard zone
What is the difference between dual-stage and dual-depth airbags
Dual depth has sensors for coming out at a different depth, Dual stage has 2 different airbags for that
Every year approximately how many firefighters die on roadways as a result of being struck by vehicles while working in or near moving traffic
6-8
A same-side opposing force system is:
Struts on the undercarriage of a side-resting vehicle with a chain bridle attached to a tensioned cape to pull back against struts
Minimum how many points of contact for a wheel resting vehicle
4
Laminated safety glass consists of
2 sheets of glass bonded to a sheet of plastic sandwiched between them
3 types of air purifying respirators
Particulate removing
Vapor and Gas Removing
Combination
What is the powder in an airbag deployment
Sodium azide residue that converts to sodium hydroxide, an alkaline powder that becomes ordinary lye when wet
What is the third most common vehicle fuel type after gasoline and diesel
Propane
From an extrication standpoint Every vehicle can be considered to have how many sides
8 : front, rear, interior, exterior, drivers side, passenger side, undercarriage, roof
What is the average time to drain an electronically activated airbag after the battery is disconnected
5 minutes
Most commonly used method of forcing or removing a jammed door
Spreaders and cutters
What color cables should not be cut in an airbag system
Yellow or yellow tagged
A tensioned buttress system is
Opposing struts on each side of a side-resting vehicle and tensioned together bases with a ratchet strap
Dash lift is
Spreaders placed in a cut under the A post in the kick board to lift the dash
What color do ethanol and methanol burn
Bright blue and produce little smoke
Standard operating procedures are
Formal methods or rules to guide the performance of routine functions or emergency operations
What makes tractors susceptible to lateral rollovers
Narrow tracks
Vehicle structural integrity is determined by
The remaining strength of the vehicles chassis after a collision
What is a response plan
What resources are responding to extrication incidents
Which function group on a vehicle incident scene is responsible for stabilizing crashed vehicles, patient disentangling and packaging
Rescue Group
What is the minimum traffic cones or reflective devices to be used on a scene
6
What is a catenary system
A series of overhead wires used to transmit electrical power to buses, locomotives and trams
What angle should vehicles be approached from
45 degree angle
What year did passenger vehicles begin being manufactured with seatbelts
1968
Rescuers should control ________ the hanging vehicle
Underneath
When most passenger vehicles are empty where is the center of gravity
Slightly forward of the front door in the center of the car
What is a dead-bolt lock in extrication
Vehicle is compressed front to back and the collision beams are embedded in the A, B or C posts
Alternative fuels may come stored in a pressurized cylinder in what 2 states
Gaseous or liquid
Supplemental restraint systems are
Airbags and seat belt pretensioners
Why are front tractor tires grooved
For lateral purchase
What is the most reliable and efficient termination of a wire rope
Flemish eye
______ are some of the most versatile single-purpose vehicles, and can telescope more than 40 feet
Booms
What is the safest way to deal with a supplemental restraint system
Give it space
Crushable bumpers are not a hazard until the fire is out, then they produce what
Hydrofluoric acid that is highly corrosive
What type of battery is used in the ignition system
Generally lead-acid
Why avoid the danger zone in front of bumpers
Bumper struts that explode can launch the bumper or struts 100 feet, if one side explodes itll swing the bumper in an arc
What is the dominant automobile construction technique
Spot welded unibody construction
What is a kick panel
Vertical panel in front of the A post that encloses several structural members
Standard helmet shields sizes are:
4-6 inches, with 6 being more desirable for extrication personnel
What type of extinguisher is needed for magnesium on fire
Class D or copious amounts of water
When faced with a vehicle in a structure rescuers must first
Check the condition of the structure THEN the condition of the vehicle
Common ratings for winches range from
9,000 to 12,000 pounds
Where should warning signs be placed for vehicle accidents
Well in advance of the accident site, incident side, no more than 24 inches from the road edge
How many classes of lever are there
3
What are the 2 types of breathing equipment typically used by rescuers
SCBA and air purifying respirators (APRs)
ABCs of dealing what SRS
Always respect the deployment Path
Be aware
Caution
Tempered glass is commonly used where on a vehicle
Side windows and some rear windows
Fuel tanks can have between how many gallons in them
15-500
Dash roll/push is
Ram tucked against the B post and pushing on the dash
Many vehicle hazards can be grouped into one of two categories
Hazards from energy sources
Hazards from beneficial systems
When cribbing a vehicle allow the cribbing pieces to extend at least
4 inches beyond the individual pieces of the base
It is recommended minimum what size line be charged and ready on an extrication
1.5” with 2 FFers in gear
What is the strongest type of material used for slings
Wire rope
Stabilizing an RV may be more like stabilizing a _____
Bus
What age child should not ride in the front seat of vehicles
12
Cribbing is most often installed in a _____ formation
Box
Most common method of organizing a rescue scene:
Three operating zones
Restricted (hot)
Limited access (warm)
Support (cold)
What is an underride or override incident
A vehicle is forced underneath another vehicle that sits higher off the ground or vice versa
If the vehicle is equipped with a smart key and the battery is unable to be disconnected:
Remove the key from the area
How do you shut off the fuel on a train
Push and hold the emergency fuel shutoff device for 8-10 seconds, the engine will shut off within 1 minute
Hybrid vehicles can have as much as how many volts and current
800 volts of DC current
What might be the first indication of the need to stop and assess the scene before approaching
Fleeing pedestrians
Common length of throw for a winch is
100 feet
Successful operation at a vehicle incident is defined by:
How effective and safely it was conducted
All railroad passenger cars have what type of doors
End doors, swing inward or slide sideways to open
The most common articulating vehicles are
Large earthmovers and large tractors
Rescuers should ________ ________ the sizeup of a vehicle accident involving an industrial vehicle
Systematically conduct
Personnel should wear appropriate reflective clothing on scene such as:
DOT Class 3 safety vests
How fast do front impact airbags deploy
0.05 seconds in excess of 200 mph with over 3,000 psi
Rocker panels are
Rounded narrow body panels on each side of the vehicle below the doors and between the kick plate and the quarter panel
Prior to lifting an object off a car first:
Capture the vehicles suspension
Deflating tires prevents
The vehicle from rising as it gets lighter when rescuers remove components
What kind of movement does cribbing placed under the sides of a vehicle prevent
Lateral movement
Rescuers practice stabilization in:
Phases, initial is wedges/wheel chocks/step chocks, secondary is struts/chains/straps/cribbing
APRs can be
Powered or non-powered
__________ relates to the removal and/or manipulation of vehicle components to allow the removal of a properly packaged victim from the vehicle
Disentanglement
All underplayed airbags must be considered
Live
Risk-benefit analysis is what
Comparison between the known hazards and potential benefits of any operations
What is a consist
Group of rail cars, rail shipping papers that contain a list of cars in the train by order, indicates which cars have hazardous materials
Cross ramming is:
Using hydraulic rams on the interior of the vehicle to push the B post away
From the standpoint of survival, __________ can be one of the most critical steps in the entire extrication operation
Assessment
High-intensity discharge headlights are filled with
Xenon gas
Time-related ratings of SCBA cylinders represent:
The maximum amount of time the air supply will last under ideal circumstances
Cutting a 12 volt negative cable in a hybrid car:
Opens relays that isolates the high-voltage system
Ultra-high strength steels used to reinforce B-posts, roof rails and rocker panels to make a car more crash worth are known as
Advanced steels
Load limiters on seatbelts:
Release the belt tension in a controlled manner to ease passengers into the airbag
On level tracks, what may be all rescuers need to do to stabilize a rail car
Apply the hand brake
APRs should only be warn when what level of O2 is present
19.5-23.5%
What system is considered the safest form of stabilization in a side-resting situation
Same-side, opposing force system
Power cables in hybrids are what color
Orange, yellow or blue
Before conducting rescue operations what should be conducted
Hazard and risk assessment survey of the response area
Four basic methods of extrication:
Manipulative, disassembly, cutting and forcing
On freight trains, the only cars likely to contain victims would be
The locomotive
A vehicle’s _______ _____ _________ significantly affects its stability
Center of gravity
How far ahead do forward looking collision avoidance systems scan
300 feet
