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Cell Biology Exam 3 > Vasculature I > Flashcards

Vasculature I Flashcards

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1
Q

3 layers of blood vessels from innermost to outermost

A

intima, media, and adventitia

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2
Q

4 layers of the tunica intima from innermost to outermost

A

endothelium, basal lamina subendothelial CT, internal elastic membrane

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3
Q

Endothelium of tunica intima

A

direct contact with blood. Has epithelial layer w/ simple squamous cells, and endothelium that is connected to basal lamina

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4
Q

Subendothelial connective tissue

A

ECM+ cells to synthesize that matrix. Can have smooth muscle cells that invade here

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5
Q

Internal elastic membrane

A

fenestrated. Important for movement of gas and nutrients

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6
Q

Tunica media

A

made mostly of smooth muscle cells

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7
Q

Tunica aventitia

A

blood vessels and nerve fibers transmitted in this layer.

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8
Q

Vasa vasorum

A

vessels of the vessels. Contribute to inflammation

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9
Q

Syphilis

A

tree bark appearance of ascending aorta. Fibrous scar in media. Endartertitis of vasa vasorum

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10
Q

Nervi vasocum (bascularis)

A

nerves that supply blood vessel walls. Mostly sympathetics, but some parasympahetic. Don’t penetrate tunica media.

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11
Q

Endothelial cells

A

flattened. Oriented in direction of blood flow. Elongated in direction of flow. Has pinocytotic vesciles

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12
Q

What does shear stress exerted by blood flow produce

A

endothelial cell hyperpolarization. Results in vasodilation

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13
Q

Pinocytotic vesciles

A

transport from lumen of blood vessel across cytoplasm to be released on subendothelial tissue compartment of tunica intima

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14
Q

Weibel-Palade granules

A

contain von willebrand factor. and P-selectin

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15
Q

Von Willebrand factor

A

important for coagulation. Deficiency results in hemorrhagic diseases

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16
Q

P-selectin

A

important for allowing leukocytes to connect to endothelial cell membrane and facilitate migration through wall of vasculature

17
Q

Yellow endothelial cell functions

A

produce prostacylin, chemical mediation, Control vascular growth, inhibit blood clot or promote clot formation, regulate movement of inflammatory cell from blood lumen into tissues

18
Q

Prostacyclin

A

vasodilator controlling diameter or vessel. increases flow, inhibits blood clotting.

19
Q

What is different about vessels involved in microcirculation

A

no extra tunics to interrupt exchange of gas and nutrients. thin component

20
Q

What’s different about veins as they go from larger to smaller

A

not much change in smooth muscle from small to large vessels, pick up elastic components

21
Q

Architercture of artery

A

prominent elastic membrane. Thick muscular tunica media

22
Q

Architecture of vein

A

do not have prominent internal or external lamina, think tunica media, tunica adventitia has lot of CT

23
Q

Elastic artery

A

ex) aorta, brachiochephalic trunk

Tunica media has alternating smooth muscle and elastic lamellae that are fenestrated

24
Q

Marfan’s syndrome

A

dysfunctional elastic arteries

25
Q

Aorta

A

changes over a life time. Thicker in adult vs a newborn. Intimal fibrosis, fragmentation of elastic lamellae

26
Q

Differences in muscular artery

A

lots of smooth muscle in tunica media, demonstrable externa elastic membrane, collagen in tunica adventitia is brunt orange

27
Q

Function of arteriole

A

main resistance

28
Q

How to tell it’s an ateriole

A

blue dots of endothelial cell nuclei
one or two smooth muscle layers
thin external adventitia

29
Q

How to tell if it’s a venule

A

one layer of smooth muscle
white outline is the basal lamina
thinner wall and larger lumen compared to arteriole

30
Q

Sphincter mechanism on metarteriole

A

controls bolume of blood flow to arteriole to microciculation

31
Q

What are the 3 classes of capillaires

A

continuous
fenestrated
sinusoid

32
Q

2 subclasses of fenestrated capillary

A

with diaphragms

sans diaphragms

33
Q

Pericyte

A

associated with capillaries and pericytic venules
has mesenchymal cells
contractile
can differentiate into either smooth muscle cells or fibroblasts

Cell Biology Exam 3 (10 decks)

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