Exocrine Glands Flashcards
Where are exocrine and endocrine glands derived from
epithelium
Secretory Exocrine gland
secretes product via exocytosis into duct. Comprised of different cell types that modify secretory product. Example is stomach
Endocrine exocrine grand
beings development similarly to exocrine, but loses connection with epithelium. Capillaries surround newly developed endocrine cells. Hormones from cells readily secreted through vasculature
Adenoma
benign. Lighter in color
Adencarcinoma
malignant. have lumen, darkly stained, smaller cells
What are the different types of secretion
serous, mucus, mixed, sebaceous
What are the different modes of secretion?
merocine, apocrine, holocrine
Mucinogens
large, glycosylated proteins when hydrated form a thick, protective fluid called mucin
mucin
main component of mucus
How to tell if it’s a mucus cell
clear areas where mucinogens are. light staining cytoplasm. columnar cells. nuclei pushed to basal side of cell
Goblet cells
form mucus. PAS +, look bright magenta
Serous cells
watery secretion enriched with enzymes. Ex) parotid and exocrine pancreas
How to tell if it’s a serous cell
acidophilic cytoplasm, spherical nucleus at the basal domain of cells. Darker specs in apical region of cell which are secretory product before it’s exocytosed into lumen
Sebaceous secretion
starts during puberty. All hair follicles have these.
How to tell if it’s a sebaceous cell
clear cytoplasm, centrally located spherical nucleus
Acne vulgaris
hair shaft has penetrated hair follicle, which results in an inflammatory and fibrotic response. Often has inflammatory cells, giant cells, and fibrosis
Holocrine secretion
the entire cell disintegrates. Ex) sebaceous gland
Merocrine secretion
most common. No loss of the secreting cell
Apocrine secretion
lose part of the apex domain. Ex) mammary gland
Unicellular gland
one cell secreting stuff. Ex) goblet cells
Multicellular sheet
a bunch of cells secreting stuff Ex) lining of stomach
Simple tubular without duct cell
all cells lining tube of secretory
Simple tubular with duct
has secretory cells and duct cells
Simple branched tubular cells
common duct system with branched tubular secretory portions
Simple coiled tubular cells
duct system with coiled tube
Simple acinar or alveolar
secretory units are acinar (grape like)
Branched tubular
branched duct and tubular secretory units
branched acinar/alveolar
branched ducts and acinar secretory units
branched tubulo-acinar
branched ducts and mix of tubular and acinar secretory units
Difference between simple and compound
simple = single duct Compound = ducts are branched
Interalobular ducts
ducts within lobules of secretory gland
Intercalated duct
smaller. Lined with flattened cuboidal cells
Striated duct
larger. palisade arrangement of michondria in basal area forming acidophilic striations. nucleus at apical domain
Interlobular ducts
ducts between lobules (in CT)
Serous demilune
serous cells form crest-shaped cap over mucous cells. In an artifact of fixation
Djorgren syndrome
females btwn ages of 50-60
dry eyes and mouth because of decreased salivary and lacrimal secretions because they are infiltrated by T-cells, causing cells to become fibrotic. Parotid gland enlarged. Autoimmune
What is the main difference between pancreus and parotid gland
Pancreas does not have striated ducts, while parotid does. Parotid does not have centroacinar cells, while pancreas does
Bartholin gland cyst
welling in labia majorum.
