Vascular system

Question 1

Invasion of BV by fungi and bacteria that can cause BV rupture, infarction

Answer 1

Mycotic aneurysm

Question 2

Berry aneurysms usually occur where

Answer 2

ACom

Question 3

Sudden OCCIPITAL h/a

Ety of worst h/a of my life

Answer 3

Berry aneurysm

Question 4

w/ obliterative endarteritis (invasion of vasa vasorum);
M, 40-55 y/o
May lead to aortic v. regurg
(+) chancre

Answer 4

Syphilitic aneurysm

Question 5

Dissection of blood along laminar pts of tunica media
Usually w/in 10 cm of aortic v.
40-60 y/o, M
Assoc w/ Ehler-Danlos and Marfan syndrome
Histo: cystic medial degeneration

Answer 5

Aortic dissection

Question 6

Autosomal dominant
Aortic dissection
Mitral v. prolapse
Defect in fibrillin gene due to missense mutation

Answer 6

Marfan syndrome

Question 7

Aortic dissection
Hyperextensible skin d/t Collagen III defect
Inc tendency to bleed

Answer 7

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

Question 8

> 50, obese, pregnant, prolonged standing, OC

NOT lead to thromboembolism

Answer 8

Varicose veins

Question 9

Most common location of phlebothrombosis

Answer 9

Deep calf vein

Question 10

(+) Homan’s sign (pain on dorsiflexion)
Orange d/c and ischemic ulcers around ankles
d/t stasis of blood flow

Answer 10

Phlebothrombosis

Question 11

Causes of thrombophlebitis

Answer 11

IV cannulation
Staph aureus infx
Pancreatic CA

Question 12

Syndrome 2ndary to lung CA or lymphoma
(+) Puffiness, cyanosis of head, neck, arm
Comp: stroke

Answer 12

SVC syndrome

Question 13

Syndrome 2ndary to neoplasm or thrombus

(+) leg edema, massive proteinuria

Answer 13

IVC syndrome

Question 14

Most common cause of thoracic outlet obstruction

Answer 14

Spastic anterior scalene muscles

Question 15

DX text for thoracic outlet syndrome

Answer 15

Adson test

Question 16

Microorganism assoc w/ lymphagitis

Answer 16

GABHS

Question 17

Females
Puberty
lymphedema involves lower pt of body

Answer 17

Lymphedema praecox

Question 18

Pattern of arteriosclerosis involving >50 y/o
(+) Ca deposits
No sx

Answer 18

Monckenberg medial calcific sclerosis

Question 19

Variant of arteriosclerosis assoc w/ long standing HPN and DM
Seen in benign nephrosclerosis

Answer 19

Hyaline variant

Question 20

Variant of arteriolosclerosis with concentric hypertrophy

Characteristic of malignant HPN

Answer 20

Hyperplastic variant

Question 21

Bacteria causing PNM assoc w/ atherosclerosis

Answer 21

Chlamydia

Question 22

Most common site of atherosclerosis

Answer 22

Abdominal aorta

Question 23

Most common location of atherosclerosis in small bowel infarction

Answer 23

Superior mesenteric a.

Question 24

Most common location of atherosclerosis in stroke

Answer 24

MCA

Question 25

Most common location of atherosclerosis in MI

Answer 25

LAD

Question 26

Most common cause of 2ndary HPN in elderly men

Answer 26

Renal a. atherosclerosis

Question 27

Most common cause of 2ndary HPN in women

Answer 27

Fibromuscular dysplasia

Question 28

Most common CV defect causing 2ndary HPN

Answer 28

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 29

ANCA assoc w/ Churg-Strauss syndrome, microscopic polyangitis Ab against myeloperoxidase

Answer 29

p-ANCA

Question 30

ANCA assoc w/ Wegener's granulomatosis | Ab against Proteinase-3

Answer 30

c-ANCA

Question 31

``` F=M, >50 y/o, Nordic Nodular intimal thickening Affects temporal, ophthalmic a. Polymyalgia rheumatica Unilat temporal h/a, blindness Jaw claudication ```

Answer 31

Temporal (giant cell) arteritis

Question 32

``` Young, Asian Absent/ weakened UE pulses >10 mmHg BL diff b/w arms Fever, night sweats Arthritis, myalgia Skin nodules Ocular disturbances ```

Answer 32

Takayasu arteritis

Question 33

``` Segmental transmural necrotizing inflamm of small to med a. of varied ages HBsAg (+) Young adults Affect renal a. Spares pulmo a. ```

Answer 33

Polyarteritis nodosa

Question 34

``` Most common acquired heart dse. Involves coronary a. Strawberry tongue Edema and desquamation PAN-like w/ less fibrinoid necrosis ```

Answer 34

Kawasaki disease

Question 35

Diseases in w/c ASA can be given to children

Answer 35

Kawasaki RF JRA

Question 36

Affect both renal and pulmo a. Precipitated by drug (penicillin), infx and immune d/o (SLE) Tx: removal of offending agent

Answer 36

Microscopic polyangitis

Question 37

``` Allergic granulomatosis (+) eosinophilic necrosis affects pulmo a. spares renal a. Tx: steroids ```

Answer 37

Churg-Strauss syndrome

Question 38

Triad of Wegener Granulomatosis

Answer 38

Necrotizing: granulomas vasculitis glomerulitis (crescentic)

Question 39

4 C's of Wegener granulomatosis

Answer 39

c-ANCA Crescentic GN Cyclophosphamide Corticosteroids

Question 40

Largest single type of vascular tumor Regresses by age 7 Closely packed, thin-walled capillaries

Answer 40

Capillary hemangioma

Question 41

Most common benign tumor of liver and spleen component of Von-Hippel-Lindau dse Large, cavernous blood-filled vascular spaces

Answer 41

Cavernous hemangioma

Question 42

Polypoid form of capillary hemangioma | Bleeds easily

Answer 42

Pyogenic granuloma/ | Lobular capillary hamangioma

Question 43

Blister-like blebs filled with exudate in the head, neck, and axilla Analogous to capillary hemangioma

Answer 43

Capillary lymphagioma

Question 44

Occurs in the neck (esp Turners) and axilla Poor margins Analogous to cavernous hemangioma

Answer 44

Cavernous lymphagioma

Question 45

Benign but painful tumor affect the glomus body | Aggregates, nests, masses of specialized glomus cells

Answer 45

Glomangioma

Question 46

Ordinary birthmark, dilation of dermal vessels | Port Wine stains

Answer 46

Nevus flammeus

Question 47

Widely distributed spider telangiectatisus in skin, MM of mouth, lips, resp, GUT and GIT autosomal dominant

Answer 47

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome | Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Question 48

What virus is assoc w/ Kaposi sarcoma?

Answer 48

HHV-8

Question 49

Assoc w/ arsenic, PVC, and thorotrast

Answer 49

Hepatic angiosarcoma

Question 50

Staghorn vascular pattern | Derived from pericytes

Answer 50

Hemangiopericytoma

Question 51

Male, >50 y/o Asymptomatic, otherwise abrupt tearing abd pain Inc risk of MI Location below renal a.

Answer 51

Abdominal aortic aneurysm