Inflammation

Question 1

Hallmark of acute inflammation

Answer 1

Increased vascular permeability

Question 2

Stimuli of acute inflammation

Answer 2

Infx
Necrosis
Foreign bodies
Immune rxns

Question 3

Mediators that are rapidly secreted by granule exocytosis; synthesized de novo

Answer 3

Cell-derived mediators

Question 4

Mediators that are produced by the liver (e.g. complements)

Answer 4

Plasma-derived mediators

Question 5

Specific gravity of an exudate

Answer 5

> 1.012

Question 6

5 steps of leukocyte extravasation

Answer 6

1) Margination
2) Rolling
3) Tight binding
4) Diapedesis
5) Chemotaxis/ migration

Question 7

Most common exogenous stimuli for chemotaxis

Answer 7

Bacterial products

Question 8

Mediators assoc w/ vasodilation

Answer 8

Histamine
Prostaglandins
NO

Question 9

Primary acute phase mediators in systemic inflamm (fever)

Answer 9

IL-1

TNF

Question 10

Conditions that present w/ inc ESR

Answer 10

Infx
Inflamm
Cancer
Pregnancy
SLE

Question 11

Conditions that present w/ dec ESR

Answer 11

Sickle cell anemia
Polycythemia
CHF

Question 12

Morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

Answer 12

Serous
Fibrinous
Suppurative
Ulcerative
Pseudomembranous

Question 13

Outpouring of thin fluid derived from plasma or mesothelial cells

Answer 13

Serous inflammatiom

Question 14

Biochem d/o presenting w/ skin blisters d/t photosn

Answer 14

Porphyria

Question 15

Most common variant of porphyria and its deficient enzyme

Answer 15

Porphyria cutanea tarda (URO decarboxylase)

Question 16

Inflammation w/ bread-and-butter appearance (fibrin deposited in extracellular space)

Answer 16

Fibrinous inflammation

Question 17

Pericarditis after MI; presents w/ pericardial effusion, chest pain, and fever

Answer 17

Dressler syndrome

Question 18

Inflammation that presents w/ purulent exudate and abscess

Answer 18

Suppurative inflammation

Question 19

Inflammation involving sloughing off of necrotic tissue

Answer 19

Ulcerative inflammation

Question 20

Most common complication of PUD

Answer 20

Bleeding

Question 21

BV affected in gastric ulcer

Answer 21

left gastric artery

Question 22

BV affected in duodenal ulcer

Answer 22

Gastroduodenal a.

Question 23

Inflammation involving bacterial toxin-induced damage of tissue

Answer 23

Pseudomembranous inflammation

Question 24

Conditions w/ pseudomembranous inflammation

Answer 24

Esophageal candidiasis
Pseudomembranous colitis
Diphtheria

Question 25

Antibiotic w/c is the most common cause of pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 25

Clindamycin

Question 26

Inflammation of prolonged duration

Answer 26

Chronic inflammation

Question 27

Cytokine increasing the production of IFN-g; found in dendritic cells and macrophages

Answer 27

IL-12

Question 28

Cytokine activating the macrophages; produced by T-cells and NK cells

Answer 28

IFN-g

Question 29

Cytokines recruiting neutrophils and monocytes; produced by T-cells

Answer 29

IL-17

Question 30

Cellular attempt to contain an offending agent; involves epithelioid macrophages

Answer 30

Granuloma

Question 31

DMARD that causes reactivation of latent TB

Answer 31

Infliximab

Question 32

Infectious causes of granulomatous inflamm

Answer 32

``` PTB Leprosy systemic mycoses tertiary syphilis LGV Cat-scratch dse Schistosomiasis ```

Question 33

Non-infectious causes of granulomatous inflamm

Answer 33

Sarcoidosis Crohn's dse Berylliosis

Question 34

5 Rs of inflammation

Answer 34

``` Recognition of injurious agent Recruitment of leukoocytes Removal of the agent Regulation of response Resolution (repair) ```

Question 35

Non-infectious causes of granulomatous inflamm

Answer 35

Sarcoidosis Crohn's disease Berylliosis