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Pathology (F) > Neoplasia > Flashcards

Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

Non-neoplastic normal tissue in a foreign location

A

Choristoma

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2
Q

Replacement of 1 adult cell type w/ another, often 2ndary to irritation and envt’l exposure

A

Metaplasia

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3
Q

Abnormal growth w/ loss of cellular orientation, shape and size

A

Dysplasia

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4
Q

Abnormal cells lacking differentiation

A

Anaplasia

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5
Q

Uncontrolled and excessive clonal proliferation of cells

A

Neoplasia

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6
Q

Fibrous tissue formation in response to neoplasm

A

Desmoplasia

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7
Q

Mutations that cause sustained activity of the genes

A

Proto-oncogenes

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8
Q

Mutations causing unregulated cell proliferation

A

Tumor suppressor genes

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9
Q

Non-neoplastic overgrowth of disorganized tissue indigenous to a particular site

A

Hamartoma

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10
Q

Neoplasia that has not invaded the BM; high NC ratio and clumped chromatin; tumor cells are monoclonal

A

In Situ Carcinoma

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11
Q

Neoplasia that invaded the BM using collagenases and hydrolases

A

Invasion

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12
Q

Accompanies neoplasia where tumor cells spread to distant sites; Dec cadherin, inc laminin and integrin receptors

A

Metastasis

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13
Q

Degree of cellular differentiation based on histo pattern

A

Tumor grade

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14
Q

Degree of local spread

A

Tumor stage

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15
Q

Most common CA’s in children

A

ALL
CNS tumors
Burkitt’s lymphoma

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16
Q

Most common CAs in men

A

Prostate
Lung
Colorectal

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17
Q

Most common CAs in women

A

Breast
Lung
Colorectal

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18
Q

Cancers w/ highest mortality among men

A

Lung
Prostate
Colorectal

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19
Q

Cancers w/ highest mortality among women

A

Lung
Breast
Colorectal

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20
Q

Assoc malignancy w/ Down syndrome

A

ALL

AML

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21
Q

Assoc malignancy w/ Xeroderma pigmentosum and albinism

A

Melanoma
BCC
SCC of the skin

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22
Q

Assoc malignancy w/ chronic atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, postSX gastric remnants

A

Gastric adenoCA

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23
Q

Assoc malignancy w/ tuberous sclerosis

A

Astrocytoma
Angiomyolipoma
Cardiac rhabdomyoma

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24
Q

Assoc malignancy w/ actinic keratosis

A

SCC of the skin

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25
Assoc malignancy w/ Barrett esophagus
Esophageal adenoCA
26
Assoc malignancy w/ Plummer-Vinson syndrome
SCC of the esophagus
27
Assoc malignancy w/ cirrhosis
Hepatocellular CA
28
Assoc malignancy w/ ulcerative colitis
Colonic adenoCA
29
Assoc malignancy w/ Paget's disease of the bone
2ndary osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma
30
Assoc malignancy w/ immunodef d/o's
malignant lymphoma
31
Assoc malignancy w/ AIDS
Aggressive malignant lymphomas (non-Hodgkin's)
32
Assoc malignancy w/ autoimmune dses
Lymphoma
33
Assoc malignancy w/ acanthosis nigricans
visceral malignancy
34
Assoc malignancy w/ dysplastic nevus
Malignant melanoma
35
Assoc malignancy w/ radiation exposure
Sarcoma | Papillary thyroid CA
36
CA common in China
Nasopharyngeal CA d/t EBV
37
Common CA in Japan
Gastric adenoCA d/t smoked foods
38
Common CA in SEA
HCCA d/t HBV and aflatoxin
39
Common CA in Africa
Burkitt's lymphoma d/t EBV
40
Assoc w/ HTLV 1
Adult T-cell lymphoma
41
Assoc w/ mycoses fungoides
cutaneous T cell lymphoma
42
Carcinogen in hepatocellular CA
Aflatoxin
43
Carcinogen in Liver Angiosarcoma
Vinyl chloride
44
Carcinogen in centrilobular necrosis and fatty liver
CCl4
45
Carcinogen in esophagus, stomach
Nitrosamines
46
Carcinogen in laryngeal SCC, lung SCC, small cell CA, renal cell CA, transitional cell CA
Cigarette smoke
47
Carcinogen in mesothelioma, bronchogenic CA
Asbestos
48
Carcinogen in transitional cell CA
Naphthalene (aniline) dye
49
Carcinogen in leukemia
Alkylating agents
50
Assoc CA w/ liver fluke
cholangioCA
51
Assoc CA w/ PUD
Gastric adenoCA | MALT lymphoma
52
Assoc CA w/ hepatitis
hepatocellular CA
53
Assoc CA w/ Mononucleosis
B-cell NHL, HL, nasopharyngeal CA, Burkitt's lymphoma
54
Assoc CA w/ AIDS
Primary CNS lymphoma | Kaposi sarcoma
55
Assoc CA w/ chronic cystitis 2ndary to schistosomiasis
Bladder carcinoma
56
MOA of cachexia
Increased TNF-alpha | suppresses appetite center and dec oxidation of FA
57
Syndrome that has distant effects of a tumor unrelated to mets; may involve ectopic secretion of hormone
Paraneoplastic syndrome
58
Underlying CA in Cushing Syndrome
Small cell Ca of the lung Pancreatic Ca Neural tumors
59
Underlying CA in SIADH
Small cell Ca of lung
60
Underlying CA in hyperCa
SCC of the lung Breast CA Renal CA (d/t PTHrP)
61
Underlying CA in carcinoid syndrome
Hepatocellular CA Bronchial adenoma Pancreatic CA (d/t serotonin, braydkinin)
62
Underlying CA in polycythemia
Gastric and renal CA Cerebellar hemangioma (d/t erythropoietin)
63
Underlying CA in Lambert-Eaton myasthenia
``` Lung CA (d/t Abs to presynaptic Ca channel) ```
64
Underlying CA in acanthosis nigricans
Visceral malignancies | d/t EGF
65
Underlying CA in hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (clubbing)
Lung Ca
66
Underlying CA in Trousseau syndrome
Pancreatic Ca Lung Ca (d/t mucin)
67
Underlying CA in nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis
Colon Ca | d/t hypercoagulability
68
Underlying CA in red cell aplasia
Thymoma
69
Underlying CA in nephrotic syndrome
HL Lung Ca (d/t immune complexes)
70
Electrolyte abN's in tumor lysis syndrome
HyperK HyperP, HypoCa Hyperuricemia
71
Cancers with brain mets | Lots of Bad Stuff Kill Glia
``` Lungs Breast Skin (melanoma) Kidney (renal cell Ca) GI ```
72
Cancers with liver mets | Cancer Sometimes Penetrates Benign Liver
``` Colon Stomach Pancreas Breast Lung ```
73
Cancers w/ bone mets | PTT Barnum Loves Kids
``` Prostate (blastic) Thyroid (follicular) Testes Breast (both lytic and blastic) Lung (lytic) Kidney ```
74
B-Hcg is a tumor marker for:
H-mole ChorioCa Gestational trophoblastic tumor
75
Tumor marker for hairy cell leukemia
(TRAP the HAIRY animal) | Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)
76
Mutation in EWS gene, chr 22
Ewing Sarcoma
77
4 cancers arising from malignant rransformation
Mature teratoma Melanoma Squamous cell carcinoma Thyroid carcinoma

Pathology (F) (20 decks)

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