Variation And Evolution and Genetic Engineering

Question 1

Classification

Answer 1

Placing objects into groups based on similar characteristics

Question 2

Taxonomy

Answer 2

Science of classifying organisms

Question 3

Species

Answer 3

Group of similar organisms that are capable of naturally interbreeding with eachother to produce fertile offspring

Question 4

Variation

Answer 4

Individual members of a species show different characteristics

Question 5

Acquired variations

Answer 5

Learned or developed during life

Question 6

Inherited variations

Answer 6

Controlled by genes

Question 7

Mutation

Answer 7

Spontaneous change in the amount or structure of DNA

Question 8

Mutagens

Answer 8

Agents that cause mutations

Question 9

Gene/ Point mutation

Answer 9

Change in a single gene

Question 10

Chromosome mutation

Answer 10

Large change in the number or structure of one or more chromosomes

Question 11

Evolution

Answer 11

The way in which living things change genetically to produce new forms of life over long periods of time

Question 12

Natural selection

Answer 12

Organisms with genetically controlled characteristics that allow them to be well developed to their environment will survive and reproduce to pass their genes to the next generation

Question 13

Speciation

Answer 13

Production of a new species as a result of evolution

Question 14

Fossil

Answer 14

Remains/ indication of something that lived a long time ago

Question 15

Genetic engineering

Answer 15

The artificial manipulation or alteration of genes

Question 16

Isolation

Answer 16

Removal of the chromosome containing the target gene from the human cell and plasmid DNA from the bacterium

Question 17

Ligation

Answer 17

Joining of two sections of DNA to form a single strand

Question 18

Transformation

Answer 18

Uptake of DNA into a cell

Question 19

Cloning

Answer 19

Production of identical copies of the bacterium

Question 20

Expression

Answer 20

Formation of the product by the organism with the recombinant DNA