Nervous System

Question 1

Neuron

Answer 1

Nerve cell that transmits and receives electrical impulses

Question 2

Threshold

Answer 2

Minimum stimulus needed for n impulse to be carried along a neuron

Question 3

All or nothing law

Answer 3

Threshold must be reached for an impulse to be carried

Question 4

Synapse

Answer 4

Region where two neutrons come into close contact

Question 5

Synaptic cleft

Answer 5

Region of space between two neurons

Question 6

Refractory period

Answer 6

Length of time needed by a nerve cell to recover before it an pass a second impulse

Question 7

Reflex action

Answer 7

Automatic involuntary response to a stimulus

Question 8

Reflex arc

Answer 8

Nerve pathway of a reflex action

Question 9

Central nervous system

Answer 9

Brain and spinal cord

Question 10

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 10

Nerves leading to and from the CNS

Question 11

Stimulus

Answer 11

Environmental change that stimulates response

Question 12

Receptor

Answer 12

Cell or group of cells that detect a stimulus

Question 13

Brain

Answer 13

Processes and sorts electrical impulses

Question 14

Effector

Answer 14

Organ/tissue that carries out an action in response to a signal from the nervous system

Question 15

Dendrite

Answer 15

Receives and carries electrical impulses towards the cell body

Question 16

Cell body

Answer 16

Contains nucleus

Receives impulses and produces neurotransmitters

Question 17

Axon

Answer 17

Carries electrical impulses away from the cell body

Question 18

Schwann cells

Answer 18

Produce myelin sheath

Question 19

Myelin sheath

Answer 19

Insulated and speeds up electrical impulses

Question 20

Nodes of ranvier

Answer 20

Speed up impulses

Question 21

Neurotransmitter swellings

Answer 21

Release neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft

Question 22

List the direction that the impulse travels

Answer 22

Dendrite- cell body- axon - neurotransmitter swellings

Question 23

What type of particle is needed for movement across the synaptic cleft, what do they do?

Answer 23

Ions

Activate neurotransmitters

Question 24

Neurotransmitters

Answer 24

Chemicals that diffuse across the synaptic cleft instead of the electrical impulse, carrying the electrical impulse chemically

Question 25

Function of Synapse

Answer 25

Transmits impulses from one neuron to the next

Question 26

Skull

Answer 26

Protects brain

Question 27

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 27

Protects brain and spinal cord

Question 28

Meninges

Answer 28

Protect brain and spinal cord

Question 29

Cerebrum

Answer 29

Largest part of the brain, emotions, language, intelligence memory, fore brain

Question 30

Cerebellum

Answer 30

Control and coordination of voluntary movements, hind brain

Question 31

Hypothalamus

Answer 31

Homeostasis

Question 32

Medulla oblongata

Answer 32

Part of brain stem, controls involuntary move,ents

Question 33

Thalamus

Answer 33

Forebrain, sorts impulses

Question 34

Location of spinal cord

Answer 34

Neural canal

Question 35

Function of spinal cord

Answer 35

Transmits impulses to and from the brain, controls reflex actions

Question 36

What protects the spinal cord

Answer 36

Vertebrae, cerebrospinal fluid and meninges

Question 37

Grey matter

Answer 37

Contains many cell bodies and few axons, no myelin

Question 38

White matter

Answer 38

Many axons, lots of myelin

Question 39

Dorsal root

Answer 39

Carries impulse to spinal cord

Question 40

Central root

Answer 40

Carries impulse from spinal cord

Question 41

Dorsal root ganglion

Answer 41

Swelling that consists of the cell bodies of the sensory neutrons

Question 42

Cause of Parkinson’s dissease

Answer 42

Brain doesn’t produce enough dopamine that transmits messages from the brain to muscles

Question 43

Symptoms of Parkinson’s

Answer 43

Tremors, rigid muscles

Question 44

Treatments of Parkinson’s

Answer 44

Drugs that mimic dopamine and physiotherapy