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LC Biology > 2. Ecology > Flashcards

2. Ecology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the name of the organism at the top of the food chain

A

Top consumer

Tertiary consumer

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2
Q

Why are pyramids limited to 3/4 levels

A

Small energy transfer at each level

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3
Q

Name four factors influencing size of human pop.

A

War
Famine
Contraception
Disease

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4
Q

What is the primary source of energy

A

The sun

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5
Q

Effects of ozone depletion

A

Damage to crops

Increase in skin cancers

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6
Q

Control ozone depletion

A

Reduction in CFCs

Proper disposal of fridges

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7
Q

Causes of ozone depletion

A

CFCs from aerosols

Freon has from fridges

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8
Q

Role of microorganisms in waste management

A

Decompose rubbish in landfills

Treat sewage waste

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9
Q

Name a problem with waste disposal in agri

A

Eutrophication in lakes due to slurry leaking from land
Algae blooms
Use up all oxygen
Fish depleted

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10
Q

Solution to agri. waste disposal

A

Store slurry in leak proof pits

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11
Q

How fisheries waste is managed

A

Waste parts of fish neutralised, pulped and dried

Used as fertiliser or pig feed

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12
Q

How forestry waste is managed

A

Waste products converted to sawdust and MDF

Spread along forest floor to rot and give nutrients to soil

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13
Q

Ecology

A

The study of how living things interact with eachother and their environment

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14
Q

Biosphere

A

The part of Earth containing living organisms

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15
Q

Habitat

A

Where an organism lives

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16
Q

Ecosystem

A

A group of clearly distinguished organisms interacting with eachother as a unit

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17
Q

Community

A

All the different populations living in an area

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18
Q

Population

A

All the members of one species living in an area

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19
Q

Abiotic

A

Non living

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20
Q

Biotic

A

Living

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21
Q

Edaphic

A

Relating to soil

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22
Q

Producers

A

Organisms that carry out photosynthesis

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23
Q

Flora

A

All the plants in an ecosystem

24
Q

Consumers

A

Organisms that take in food from another organism

25
Q

Fauna

A

All the animals in an ecosystem

26
Q

Decomposers

A

Organisms that feed on dead organic matter

27
Q

Detritus feeders

A

Organisms that feed on small pieces of dead organic matter

28
Q

Food web

A

Two or more interlinked food chains

29
Q

Food chain

A

Sequence of organisms in which each one is eaten by the next one in the chain

30
Q

Trophic level

A

Feeding stage in a food chain

31
Q

Pyramid of numbers

A

Represents the no. Of organisms at each level of a food chain

32
Q

Niche

A

Functional role organisms play in their community

33
Q

Carnivore

A

Animal that only feeds on animals

34
Q

Climatic factors

A

Factors relating to long term weather conditions

35
Q

Conservation

A

Wise management of the environment and maintenance of biodiversity

36
Q

Competition

A

A struggle between two or more organisms for a scarce resource

37
Q

Intra- specific competition

A

Between members of the same species

38
Q

Inter-specific competition

A

Between members of different species

39
Q

Contest competition

A

Only one wins the resource

40
Q

Scramble competition

A

All competing individuals get some of the resource

41
Q

Decomposition

A

Decaying of a dead organism

42
Q

Denitrification

A

Conversion of nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen

43
Q

Predator

A

Organism that catches, kills and eats another organism

44
Q

Prey

A

Organism eaten by predator

45
Q

Parasitism

A

An organism lives in or on another, feeding on it and causing it harm

46
Q

Symbiosis

A

Relationship between different species in which at least one benefits

47
Q

Pollution

A

Any harmful addition to the environment

48
Q

Herbivore

A

Organ that feeds on plants only

49
Q

Key

A

Guide to identification of organisms

50
Q

Nitrification

A

Process of converting ammonia into nitrites and nitrites to nitrates

51
Q

Omnivore

A

Orga that eats both plants and animals

52
Q

Qualitative survey

A

Indicates the type of species present or not

53
Q

Quantitive survey

A

Records or estimates the number of a species in a particular ecosystem

54
Q

Nutrient recycling

A

The way in which elements are exchanged between living and non living components of an ecosystem

55
Q

Nitrogen fixation

A

Conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia ammonium or nitrate

LC Biology (32 decks)

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