Variables, Control and Demand + Investigator effects

Question 1

Independent variable

Answer 1

the variable that the experimenter manipulates in the study

Question 2

dependent variable

Answer 2

the variable which the experimenter measures in experimental variables

Question 3

why does IV and DV have to be operationalised

Answer 3

because then the study would be able to be replicated as other researchers would not know how the experiment was tested.

Question 4

Extraneous variables

Answer 4

variables that have not been controlled and also can affect the IV and DV

Question 5

Confounding variables

Answer 5

uncontrolled extraneous variables that negatively affect results.

Question 6

extranoues variables include

Answer 6

location time day

Question 7

what is control

Answer 7

methods that avoid variables other than IV from affecting DV.

Question 8

Methods of control

Answer 8

standardised instructions, counterbalancing

Question 9

what are demand characteristics

Answer 9

Demand characteristics occur when the participants try to make sense of the research and act accordingly to support the aim of the research.
This can lead to response bias - or complete opposite

Question 10

how can demand characteristics be fixed but why can this be bad ?

Answer 10

single blind procedure - p’s don’t know what condition they are participating in.
can be bad bc ethical issues arise

Question 11

What are the 4 types of investigator effects?

Answer 11

Investigator expectancy
Experimenter bias
interviewer effects
observer bias