Vancomycin

Question 1

therapeutic class

Answer 1

antibacterial

Question 2

pharmacologic class

Answer 2

cell wall inhibitor

Question 3

pregnancy category

Answer 3

C

Question 4

mechanism of action

Answer 4

inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
affects plasma membrane
interferes with RNA synthesis

Question 5

Indications

Answer 5

severe infections resistant to safer antibiotics

Question 6

contraindications

Answer 6

hypersensitivity

Question 7

precautions

Answer 7

impaired renal function

history of hearing loss

Question 8

drug interactions

Answer 8

additive toxicity with other ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs

may increase risk of lactic acidosis with metformin

Question 9

adverse effects

Answer 9

RED MAN SYNDROME; nausea, rash, fever, and chills

Question 10

serious adverse effects

Answer 10

OTOXICITY; NEPHROTOXICITY; confusion, seizures, hallucinations, anaphylaxis, extravasation leading to tissue necrosis

Question 11

responsibilities

Answer 11

monitor blood pressure and heart rate during IV admin; infusion at least 60 minutes; monitor for red man syndrome; creatinine clearance & serum drug concentrations at intervals; draw blood 30 mins to 1 hr after IM and 30 mins after a 30 to 60 minute IV infusion; monitor fluid balance; report changes in I&O ration; note oliguria or cloudy or pink urine

Question 12

teaching

Answer 12

report allergic reactions or ears ringing; complete full course of treatment; do not breast-feed and report pregnancy; 2-3 L/day fluids