Penicillins Flashcards
Therapeutic Class
antibacterial
Pharmacologic class
cell wall inhibitor/natural penicillin
Pregnancy Category
B
Mechanism of Action
inhibits bacterial wall synthesis by binding PBPs; bacteriocidal
Indications
infections caused by gram-positive bacteria
contraindications
allergy to any drug in the penicillin class heart failure
precautions
hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
significant renal impairment
hyperkalemia
drug interactions
may decrease effectiveness or oral contraceptives
hyperkalemia with potassium-sparing diuretics
efficacy may be inhibited by tetracyclines
adverse effects and serious adverse effects
urticaria
delayed skin reactions
hypersensitivity reaction
nursing responsibilities
monitor for hypersensitivity reaction
inject deeply into muscle mass; rotate injection sites
Patient/family teaching
report signs of allergy
report severe or persistent diarrhea with fever
do not treat penicillin related diarrhea with OTC products
Broad Spectrum Penicillins
amoxicillin
ampicillin
some gram-negative bacilli and positive
aminopenicillins
Extended-Spectrum Penicillins
broad spectrum and antipseudomonals
effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
piperacillin
ticarcillin-clavulanate
Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins
antistaphylococcal narrow specturm mostly for Staph infections Pregnancy Cat B Dicloxacillin/nafcillin, oxacillin methicillin no longer included
