Fluoroquinolones/Ciprofloxacin Flashcards
Ciprofloxacin therapeutic class
antibacterial
pharmacologic class
bacterial DNA replication inhibitor/fluoroquinolone
pregnancy category
C
mechanism of action
inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (can’t relax supercoil) and topoisomerase (daughter cells cannot migrate to opposite sides-no division)
affects bacterial replication and DNA repair
indications
infections caused by susceptible gram-negatives; in class some newer drugs act on positives
contraindications
hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones, pregnancy
precautions
serious renal impairment
neurotoxic at high doses
seizures possible with rapid IV infustion
drug interactions
may increase anticoagulant effects and cause bleeding with warfarin
antacids with calcium or aluminum, iron or zinc sulfacte and sucralfate decrease effectivensss
large amounts of caffeine may cause nervousness, anxiety or tachycardia
calcium-fortified juices may interfere with absorption
adverse effects
TENDONITIS AND TENDON RUPTURE; phototoxicity, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomit, diarrhea
serious adverse effects
pseudomembranous colitis, seizures, toxic psychosis
responsibilities
complete health history, infection-focused physical exam; assess C&S tests; monitor I&O ratio; assess for GI irritation; monitor coagulation studies; assess for signs of superinfections
teaching
limit caffeine; don’t take with products having magnesium, calcium, iron or aluminium; avoid sunlight or use protection; drink 2-3 L per day; report joint pain, persistent diarrhea w/ fever; no breast feeding
