Valvular heart disease Flashcards
What is the most common vascular heart disease?
Aortic stenosis
What is the 2nd most common valvular heart disease?
Mitral regurgitation
What can cause aortic stenosis?
Bicuspid aortic valve= most common <65s
Calcification= most common >65s
William’s syndrome
Rheumatic heart disease
What is the presentation of aortic stenosis?
Ejection systolic murmur Chest pain, dyspnoea, syncope Narrow pulse pressure Slow rising pulse Soft/absent S2
When is aortic stenosis treated?
IF symptomatic
What is the management of aortic stenosis?
Valve repair/replacement
Balloon valvuloplasty if unfit for surgery
What can cause mitral regurgitation?
IHD/post MI Mitral prolapse IE Rheumatic heart disease Congenital
What are the risk factors for mitral regurgitation?
Female Lw BMI Previous MR Previous mitral stenosis Previous valve prolapse Collagen disorders
What is the presentation of mitral regurgitation?
Pansystolic murmur- high pitched, blowing
Usually asymptomatic, common incidental finding
Fatigue, SOB, oedema
What investigations are done for mitral regurgitation?
ECG broad P waves
Echo
When is mitral regurgitation managed?
Severe/symptomatic
Heart filure
What is the management of severe/syptoatic mitral regurgitation?
- valve repair
2. valve replacement
What is the management of mitral regurgitation with heart failure?
BB
ACEi
Spironolactone
What are the causes of aortic regurgitation?
Valve disease= rheumatic heart disease, IE, bicuspid valve, connective tissue disease
Aortic root disease
What is the presentation pf aortic regurgitation?
Early diastolic murmur- high pitched, blowing
Collapsing pulse
Wide pulse pressure
