AAA Flashcards
What is AAA?
Abdo aorta aneurysm
Dilatation of all layers of aorta to >1.5x expected diameter
Where do the majority of AAA occur?
Below renal arteries L1/2
What are the risk factors for AAA?
Smoking FH Increasing age Males Hypertension
What is the presentation of AAA?
Asymptomatic
Abdo/back/groin pain
Hypotension
Palpable pulsatile abdominal mass
What is the presentation of a ruptured AAA?
Severe non specific abdomen pain- radiation to back/grin Syncope Clammy, N&V Hypotension Shock
What investigations are done for AAA?
Abdo US
CT
What is the screening programme for AAA?
65-75yo men with risk factors e.g. smoking, relative with AAA
What ar the outcomes of AAA screening?
<3cm= no followup 3-4.4cm= annual followup 4.5-5.4= 3 monthly surveillance >5.5cm= immediate referral to vascular surgeon
What is the management of ruptured AAA?
Resis
Urgent surgical repair= poor prognosis
What is the management of a symptomatic AAA?
Urgent repair
What is the management of a small asymptomatic AAA?
Monitor
What is the management of a large asymptomatic AAA?
Elective repair, preferably endovascular
What are the surgical options for AAA?
Open repair and graft
Endovascular stent and graft
What is a common complication of endovascular repair?
Endoleak
What are the types of endoleak?
I= leak at graft ends II sac filling via branch vessel III= leak at join IV= general leak through material V= leak of unknown cause
