Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardio AM > Arrythmia > Flashcards

Arrythmia Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 cardiac arrest rhythms?

A 
Shockable
-VT
-VF 
non shockable
-Asystole 
-Pulseless electrical activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia?

A

AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can cause an irregularly irregular pulse?

A

AF

Ectopic beats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is AF?

A

Uncoordinated atrial activity causing rapid and irregular atrial beats and irregularly irregular ventricular beats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can cause AF?

A 
Idiopathic 
Sepsis 
Mitral valve pathology 
IHD 
Thyrotoxicosis
Hypertension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the presentation of AF?

A 
Tachycardia
Palpitations 
Irregular pulse
Presyncope, syncope 
Dyspnoea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What investigations are done for AF?

A

ECG
Echo
TFTs
U&Es

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is seen on ECG in AF?

A

Irregular QRS complex
Fibrillatory baseline
Tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the acute management of AF?

A

Assess stability
Unstable, new onset <48 hours= cardioversion
Stable, chronic= rate control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are th options for cardio version in AF?

A

Electrical

Chemical= amiodarone, flecinide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the management of chronic AF?

A 
Rate control
1. beta blocker
2. Rate limiting CCB 
3. Digoxin 
Stroke risk 
-CHADS2VASc
1. DOAC
2. Warfarin in valvular heart disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the common complications of AF?

A

Stroke
Hypotension
Bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an atrial flutter?

A

Succession of rapid atrial depolarisation waves caused by re-entrant rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the presentation of atrial flutter?

A

Palpitations
Fatigue
Light headed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What investigations are done for atrial flutter?

A

ECG
TFTs
FBC, U&Es

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is seen on ECG with atrial flutter?

A

Sawtooth pattern

Tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the acute management of atrial flutter?

A

Unstable= cardio version
Stable= rate control
1. Beta blockers
2. rate limiting CCBs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the chronic management of atrial flutter?

A 
Rate control
1. BB
2. CCB
3. digoxin 
Manage stroke risk 
1. DOAC 
2. Warfarin if valvular heart disease
19
Q

What is SVT?

A

Supraventricular tachycardia

Abnormally fast heart rhythm arising rom improper electrical activity in atria

20
Q

What are the 4 main types of SVT?

A

AF
Atrial flutter
Paroxysmal SVT
Wolff Parkinson White syndrome

21
Q

What are the features of paroxysmal SVT?

A

Episodic palpitations, dyspnoea, light headedness

22
Q

What is the management of paroxysmal SVT?

A

Only treat if symptomatic and bothersome
Rate control e.g. BB, CCB
Radiofrequency ablation

23
Q

What is Wolff Parkinson White syndrome?

A

AV re-entrant tachycardia

24
Q

What is the 1st line management of WPW syndrome?

A

Radiofrequency ablation

25
Q

What are the medical management options for WPW?

A

BB
Amiodarone
Flecanide

26
Q

What is the acute management of unstable SVT?

A
  1. Sedation and synchronised DC cardio version

2. AMiodarone 300mg IV over 20 minutes

27
Q

What is the acute management of stable regular SVT?

A
  1. Vagal manoeuvres

2. Adenosine 6mg IV

28
Q

What is th acute management of stable irregular SVT?

A

Probably AF

1. BB or CCB or digoxin

29
Q

What are the types of ventricular tachycardia?

A 
Monomorphic= usually caused by MI 
Polymorphic= e.g. torsades de pointes
30
Q

What is the appearance of VT on ECG?

A

Broad complex tachycardia

31
Q

What is the management of VT?

A 
Unstable= synchronised DC cardio version 
Stable= amiodarone 300mgIV over 20 mins
32
Q

What is the emergency management of bradycardia?

A
  1. Atropine 500mcg IV

2. Transcutaneous pacing

33
Q

What is type 1 heart block

A

PR interval >0.2s

34
Q

What is 2nd degree heart block?

A

Mobitz I= increasingly prolonged PR interval until missed beat
II= regular PR then skipped QRS

35
Q

What are the symptoms of heart block?

A

Bradycardia
Syncope
heart failure
Wide pulse pressure

36
Q

When is heart block treated?

A

Severe/symtomatic

37
Q

How s heart block managed?

A

Pacemaker
Cardiac resynchronisation
ICD

38
Q

What causes sick sinus syndrome?

A

Arrythmia, normally caused by sinus node fibrosis

usually older patients

39
Q

What is the presentation of sick sinus syndrome?

A 
Bardycrdia 
Sinus pauses
Tachycardia 
Light headed 
Palpitations
40
Q

What is the management if sick sinus syndrome?

A

Pacemaker- if bradycardia or causes

Anticiagulation

41
Q

What are ectopic beats?

A

Beats arising from fibres outside the nodes

42
Q

What are some types of ectopic beats?

A

Premature ventricular contractions= common, caused by stress, caffeine..
Atrial ectopic beats
Ventricular ectopics

43
Q

What is the management of VF?

A
  1. CPR and shock
  2. Epi 1mg, continue CPR and shock
  3. Amiodarone 300mg, continue CPR and shock

Cardio AM (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions