valves

Question 1

whats the name of the fibrous ring that surrounds AV canals?

Answer 1

fibrous skeleton of the heart

Question 2

whats the origin of aorta and pulmonary trunk and give them support?

Answer 2

fibrous skeleton of the heart

Question 3

what forms the connection between the fibrous skeleton rings?

Answer 3

right and left trigones

Question 4

what forms the membranous part of the interventricular septum?

Answer 4

fibrous skeleton

Question 5

whats the function of the skeleton of the heart?

Answer 5

1- keeps the AV and SL valves patent during contractions

2- provide attachments for myocardium and valves cusps

3- act as an insulator to make sure that the only pathway between atrium and ventricle is AV node

Question 6

whats tricuspid orifice?

Answer 6

large oval aperture connecting the right atrium and right ventricle

Question 7

whats special about it compared to mitral orifice ?

Answer 7

its wider fits 3 fingers ( cusps )

mitral only two

Question 8

what surrounds the tricuspid orifice and provide attachment for the cusps?

Answer 8

fibrous skeleton of the heart

Question 9

whats the level of the tricuspid valve?

Answer 9

4th intercostal space

its auscultated at left sternal border

Question 10

how many cusps and what are their locations?

Answer 10

3 cusps :

anterior

posterior

septal cusp

Question 11

what is the smooth and rough surface of tricuspid valve?

Answer 11

the atrial surface is smooth

the ventricular surface is rough

Question 12

why is the ventricular surface is rough?

Answer 12

because it has attachments for papillary muscles and chordae tendineae

Question 13

which part of the tricuspid valve is vascular?

Answer 13

the circumference of it is vascular but THE OTHER PART ARE AVASCULAR CUZ ITS FIBROUS TISSUE

Question 14

whats definition of mitral orifice?

Answer 14

aperture connecting the left atrium with the left ventricle and its 2 fingers

Question 15

whats the level mitral valve?

Answer 15

left 4th costal cartilage

Question 16

how many cusps and whats their location?

Answer 16

anterior –> larger

posterior –> smaller

Question 17

what does the mitral cusps consist of?

Answer 17

double layer of endocardium with thin fibrous tissue

Question 18

whats its smooth part and rough part

Answer 18

• smooth —–> atrial surface
• ventricular —-> rough cuz it has attachment for chordae tendinae

Question 19

whats special about the chordae tendinae in mitral?

Answer 19

only 2 so fewer and stronger.

Question 20

what are the cusps of the aortic valve ?

Answer 20

3 cusps

1- Anterior –> Right coronary artery

2 posterior –> left coronary artery from the left posterior cusp

Question 21

what are cusps of the pulmonary valve? ?

Answer 21

3 cusps

1 posterior

2 anterior

Question 22

whats the name of thickening that forms the edge of a cusp?

Answer 22

lunule

Question 23

whats the name of the angulated apex and its central??

Answer 23

fibrous nodule

Question 24

whats a cusps sinus?

Answer 24

its like a bag كيس , when the blood backflows it will push the 3 sinus together to close the valve .and when the blood ejects from the ventricle it will push the sinuses away from each others to open them below

Question 25

where does the right coronary artery originate from?

Answer 25

anterior cusp

Question 26

where does the left coronary artery originate from?

Answer 26

posterior left cusp

Question 27

wheres point A when trying to form the border of the heart?

Answer 27

Left 2nd costal cartilage 1.5 inches from the median plane

Question 28

wheres point B when trying to form the border of the heart?

Answer 28

Right 3rd costal cartilage one inch from the median plane

Question 29

wheres point C when trying to form the border of the heart?

Answer 29

Right 6th costal cartilage 0.5 inches from the sternal margin

Question 30

wheres point D when trying to form the border of the heart?

Answer 30

apex : left 5th intercostal space 3.5 inches from the median plane

Question 31

what border does point A-B form

Answer 31

upper border

Question 32

what border does point B-C form

Answer 32

right border

Question 33

what does point A-D form

Answer 33

left border

Question 34

what point does point C-D form

Answer 34

inferior border

Question 35

whats the anatomical position of mitral valve and ascul location for it?

Answer 35

anatomical --> left 4th costal cartilage ascul ----> apex of the heart

Question 36

whats the anatomical position of tricuspid valve and ascul location for it?

Answer 36

anatomical -------> left 4th intercostal space ascul ---> inferior left border of the sternum

Question 37

whats the anatomical position of pulmonary valve and ascul location for it?

Answer 37

anatomical ----> left 3rd costal cartilage ascul ---> left 2nd intercostal space

Question 38

whats the anatomical position of aortic valve and ascul location for it?

Answer 38

anatomical --------> right 3rd intercostal space ascul --> right 2nd intercostal space