valves Flashcards
whats the name of the fibrous ring that surrounds AV canals?
fibrous skeleton of the heart
whats the origin of aorta and pulmonary trunk and give them support?
fibrous skeleton of the heart
what forms the connection between the fibrous skeleton rings?
right and left trigones
what forms the membranous part of the interventricular septum?
fibrous skeleton
whats the function of the skeleton of the heart?
1- keeps the AV and SL valves patent during contractions
2- provide attachments for myocardium and valves cusps
3- act as an insulator to make sure that the only pathway between atrium and ventricle is AV node
whats tricuspid orifice?
large oval aperture connecting the right atrium and right ventricle
whats special about it compared to mitral orifice ?
its wider fits 3 fingers ( cusps )
mitral only two
what surrounds the tricuspid orifice and provide attachment for the cusps?
fibrous skeleton of the heart
whats the level of the tricuspid valve?
4th intercostal space
its auscultated at left sternal border
how many cusps and what are their locations?
3 cusps :
anterior
posterior
septal cusp
what is the smooth and rough surface of tricuspid valve?
the atrial surface is smooth
the ventricular surface is rough
why is the ventricular surface is rough?
because it has attachments for papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
which part of the tricuspid valve is vascular?
the circumference of it is vascular but THE OTHER PART ARE AVASCULAR CUZ ITS FIBROUS TISSUE
whats definition of mitral orifice?
aperture connecting the left atrium with the left ventricle and its 2 fingers
whats the level mitral valve?
left 4th costal cartilage
how many cusps and whats their location?
anterior –> larger
posterior –> smaller
what does the mitral cusps consist of?
double layer of endocardium with thin fibrous tissue
whats its smooth part and rough part
- smooth —–> atrial surface
- ventricular —-> rough cuz it has attachment for chordae tendinae
whats special about the chordae tendinae in mitral?
only 2 so fewer and stronger.
what are the cusps of the aortic valve ?
3 cusps
1- Anterior –> Right coronary artery
2 posterior –> left coronary artery from the left posterior cusp
what are cusps of the pulmonary valve? ?
3 cusps
1 posterior
2 anterior
whats the name of thickening that forms the edge of a cusp?
lunule
whats the name of the angulated apex and its central??
fibrous nodule
whats a cusps sinus?
its like a bag كيس , when the blood backflows it will push the 3 sinus together to close the valve .and when the blood ejects from the ventricle it will push the sinuses away from each others to open them below
where does the right coronary artery originate from?
anterior cusp
where does the left coronary artery originate from?
posterior left cusp
wheres point A when trying to form the border of the heart?
Left 2nd costal cartilage 1.5 inches from the median plane
wheres point B when trying to form the border of the heart?
Right 3rd costal cartilage one inch from the median plane
wheres point C when trying to form the border of the heart?
Right 6th costal cartilage 0.5 inches from the sternal margin
wheres point D when trying to form the border of the heart?
apex : left 5th intercostal space 3.5 inches from the median plane
what border does point A-B form
upper border
what border does point B-C form
right border
what does point A-D form
left border
what point does point C-D form
inferior border
whats the anatomical position of mitral valve and ascul location for it?
anatomical –> left 4th costal cartilage
ascul —-> apex of the heart
whats the anatomical position of tricuspid valve and ascul location for it?
anatomical ——-> left 4th intercostal space
ascul —> inferior left border of the sternum
whats the anatomical position of pulmonary valve and ascul location for it?
anatomical —-> left 3rd costal cartilage
ascul —> left 2nd intercostal space
whats the anatomical position of aortic valve and ascul location for it?
anatomical ——–> right 3rd intercostal space
ascul –> right 2nd intercostal space
