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anatomyyyy y2s1 > conduction system > Flashcards

conduction system Flashcards

1
Q

in which layer does the contraction and relaxation happen?

A

myocardium layer

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2
Q

whats allows the cardiac tissue to contract and relax at the same time?

A

intercalated discs

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3
Q

whats forms an intercalated discs?

A

1- gap junction

2- desmasomes

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4
Q

whats the pacemaker of the heart?

A

SA node

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5
Q

what nerve supply does the sa node recieves?

A

autonomic nerve fibers

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6
Q

whats the anatomical position of SA node?

A

back wall of the right atrium at the superior end of the crista terminalis in front of SVC opening

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7
Q

whats the node located between atrium and ventricles?

A

AV node

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8
Q

whats the anatomical position of AV node

A

bottom right of atrium near the septum js above the coronary sinus opening

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9
Q

why is theres a delay in av node? and whats the reason behind it?

A

due to less gap junctions

and its allows ventricular filling and atrium to finish contracting

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10
Q

where do the signals go after AV node?

A

bundle of his, right and left branches

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11
Q

where are the purkinje fibers located?

A

spread with the muscle wall of the ventricle

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12
Q

wheres the fastest conduction?

A

P fibers

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13
Q

wheres the slowest conduction?

A

AV node

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14
Q

what happens when theres a complete bundle block?

A

dissociation in the rate of contraction of atria and ventricles

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15
Q

what is the most cause of defective conduction through AV bundle?

A

Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries which causes diminished supply to the conducting system

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16
Q

whats the innervation of the heart?

A

1- sympathetic

2- parasympathetic

17
Q

whats the name of the network of the nerves supplying the heart

A

cardiac plexus

18
Q

what forms cardiac plexus?

A

right and left vagus nerve ( para )

sympathetic trunk

19
Q

wheres the location of cardiac plexus?

A

below the arch of the aorta

20
Q

wheres the main control of the heart found?

A

medulla oblongata

21
Q

whats forms the cardioregulatory center?

A

1- cardioacceleratory center

2- cardioinhibitory center

22
Q

whats the othe name of cardioacceleratory center and wheres it found?

A

pressor center and its found on the upper part of medulla oblongata

23
Q

whats the other name of cardioinhibitory center and where is it located?

A

depressor center and its found in lower part

24
Q

whats the function sympathetic nervous system?

A

+ inotropic –> increase contractility ( cuz it increases ca influx )

+ chromotropic —-> increase firing rate

+dromotropic ———> increase the conduction

recall how it works from physiology

Fight or flight

25
Q

whats the function of parasympathetic system on the heart?

A
  • chromotropic —> decrease firing rate
  • dromotropic —–> decrease conduction
26
Q

which is normally more dominant in resting conditions?

A

parasympathetic

27
Q

whats the course of sympathetic nerve?

A

exist the medulla

Travel down the spinal cord with SHORT myelinated preganglionic FIBERS to the sympathetic GANGLIA

the preganglionic are shorter
the postganglionic are longer

28
Q

which segment of the spinal cord has preganglionic fibers innervating the heart?

A

T1 - T5 segment

29
Q

what does the LONG POSTGANGLIONIC sympathetic fibers innervate

A

1- SA node ( + chromotropic )

2- AV node ( + dromotropic )

3- CARDIAC MUSCLE FIBERS ( remember + inotropic effect )

4- coronary arteries ( vasodilation in fight or flight )

30
Q

describe the course of the parasympathetic

A

exist the medulla as VAGUS nerve and ITS LONG PREGANGLIONIC efferent fibers ( sympathetic was short )

the long preganglionic will form synapses with the SHORT postganglionic fibers

opposite to sympathetic has short preganglionic and LONG postganglionic

31
Q

what does short postganglionic parasympathetic fibers innervate?

A

1- SA node (- chromotropic )

2- AV node ( - dromotropic )

3- coronary artery ( constriction during rest )

no innervation to the myocardium cuz no effect on contractility .

32
Q

compare the axons branches of sympathetic and parasympathetic

A

axons of symp are highly branches and work on many organs

axons of para have fewer branches and are only localized

33
Q

compare the postganglionic fibers or sympathetic and parasympathetic

A

sympathetic :

preganglionic –> short
postganglionic –> LONG

parasympathetic :

preganglionic –> LONG
postganglionic –> short

anatomyyyy y2s1 (12 decks)

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