internal ft of the heart Flashcards

1
Q

what does the right atrium forms?

A

right surface

right border

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the auricle has a ……….. inner wall and crenated outer margin?

A

rough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

inside the right atrium which wall is rough and which one is smooth?

A

anterior part is rough

posterior wall is smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why is the anterior part rough?

A

because it has pectinus muscle and it originates from the right horn of sinus venouses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

why is the posterior wall smooth?

A

because its mainly composed of openings that empty into it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the openings that empty on the right atrium?

A
  • SVC
    -IVC
    -CORONARY SINUS
    -VEINS
    -VENAE CORDI MINIMI
    -FOSSA OVALIS
    -LIMBUS OF FOSSA OVALIS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

whats sulcus terminalis ?

A

vertical groove that connects the vena cava from OUTSIDE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

whats crista terminalis?

A

its like sulcus terminalis connecting the vena cavas BUT FROM INSIDE and it also separates the smooth area from the rough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

from what does the fosa ovalis originate from?

A

septum primum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

from what does the annulus ovalis /limbus of ovale originate from?

A

septum secondum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

at what level is the superior vena cava?

A

3rd costal cartilage ( pulmonary valve is the same )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

does the superior vena cava have valve?

A

no because the gravity does the work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

at what level is the inferior vena cava ?

A

6th costal cartilage (point c )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

does IVC have a valve?

A

yes smalll rudimentary valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

does the coronary sinus have a valve?

A

yes tricuspid valve called valve of coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what pathologies could the rough anterior surface cause?

A

1- Auricular fibrillation

2- pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the left atrium form?

A

1- base of the heart ( along with the right atrium )
2- upper border of the heart ( along the RA )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does the left atrium consist of ?

A

1- cavity
2- left auricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what separates the left atrium from the esophagus from behind?

A

fibrous pericardium

serous pericardium

20
Q

what represents the rough part of the left atrium

A

auricle

21
Q

what represent the smooths part of the left atrium

A

everything but the auricle

22
Q

whats special about the wall of the left atrium?

A

slightly thicker than the right

23
Q

what are the openings /orifices in LA?

A

1- Mitral orifice and valve

2- 4 pulmonary veins

3- vena cordis minimi ( less amount compared to the RIGHT A )

24
Q

what sign you can find on the interatrial wall in the left atrium side

A

valve of the fossa ovalis

25
Q

what does the right ventricle form?

A

1- inferior border of the heart
2- 2/3 of sternocostal surface
3- 1/3 of diaphragmatic surface

26
Q

whats the rough part of the right ventricle?

A

in the inflowing part

27
Q

whats the smooth part of the right ventricle?

A

the outflowing part

28
Q

whats name of the outflowing/smooth part of the right ventricle

A

infandibulum

29
Q

where does the infadibulum originate from?

A

cordus bulbus

30
Q

whats the supraventricular crest?

A

muscular ridge that separates the inflowing and outflowing part ( Tricuspid and pulmonary orifices )

31
Q

what makes the rough inflowing part rough?

A

muscular projections –> trabeculae carnae

presence of papillary muscles and chordea tendina

32
Q

whats special trabeculae carnea muscle is present in RV?

A

septomarginal trabcuae carnea AKA MODERATOR BAND

33
Q

whats the function of septomarginal trabeculae carnea/moderator band ?

A

prevent the heart from overfilling

34
Q

how many papillary muscles do we have in the right ventricle?

A

3 because the its tricuspid valve

anterior
posterior
septum part

35
Q

where does the outflowing part lies in relation to the supraventricular crest?

A

outflowing –> smooth –> infundibulum is ABOVEEE

inflowing –> rought is BELOOWWW

36
Q

what does the left ventricle form?

A

1- APEX
2- MAJORITY OF THE DIAPHRAGMTIC SURFACE
3- 1/3 OF THE STERNOCSOTAL SURFACE
4-LEFT BORDER along with the left auricle
5- Left surface along with auricle
6-1/3 of inferior border

37
Q

whats the smooth and whats rough?

A

like RV :

inflowing – rough

outflowing —-> SMOOTH

38
Q

whats the name of the outflowing smooth surface?

A

vestibular

39
Q

whats the difference between in walls?

A

the walls of the LV are 3x thicker than right ventricle

40
Q

whats the shape of the wall when cross sectioned?

A

circular

RV is crescent

41
Q

what makes the inflowing part rough ?

A

like RV :

trabeculae carnea

papillary muscles and chordea tendinae

42
Q

how many papillary muscles do we have in left ventricle?

A

2 papillary muscle cuz the valve is only 2 cusps

anterior
posterior

43
Q

what does the RV have that the LV doesnt have?

A

Supraventricular crest

septomarginal trabecaue carnea AKA MODERATOR BAND

44
Q

why doesnt LV have supraventricular crest?

A

because the wall is soo thick theres not enough space

45
Q

whats smooth outflowing part of the left ventricle ( vestibular )

A

fibrous tissue