Vaccines Flashcards
Name the smallpox/mpox vaccine, strain, type of vaccine and schedule.
Imvanex
Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA-BN) (manufactured by Bavarian Nordic)
Ankara strain
Live attenuated virus (via multiple passage), however should be treated like an inactivated vaccine as it is replication defective
Two doses at least 28 days apart
Name the licensed dengue vaccine in the UK, the type of vaccine, which serotype(s) it contains, indications, contraindications and pre vaccine requirements.
Name the vaccine which is not licensed in the UK and why.
Qdenga - Live attenuated vaccine, quadravalent on a DENV-2 backbone.
Recommended for age 4+ who have had previous infection, travelling to an area with risk of dengue, or working with dengue.
Main contraindication is no previous dengue infection. Also usual live attenuated virus contraindications - pregnancy/breastfeeding, immunocompromised, hypersensitivity
Pre vaccine requirements - PCR confirmed dengue infection (UKAS accredited lab) or serology with supporting clinical and travel history.
Dengvaxia is not licensed in the UK (but is in some endemic countries) due to high risk of severe dengue in those not previously infected. This is theoretical for Qdenga but hasn’t been demonstrated.
Name the strains in the MMR vaccine
Measles = Schwarz (Priorix) or Enders Edmonston (MMRVaxPro)
Mumps = Jeryl Lynn
Rubella = Wistar RA 27/3
What does that the vaccine Priorix contain?
Measles, mumps and rubella
What measles genotype is in the MMR vaccine and why is this important?
Genotype A
This means you can differentiate vaccine related infection from natural infection.
Circulating strains are B3, D4, D8, H1
What is the name of the rabies vaccine licensed in the UK, what type of vaccine is it and what strain does it contain?
Rabipur.
Inactivated, purified chick embryo cell (PCEC), Flury LEP-25.
Human diploid cell vaccine was discontinued in 2022.
What is the schedule for (pre exposure) rabies vaccination?
Day 0, 7 and 28 (or day 21 if time limited)
Intervals between MMR and other live vaccines
Yellow fever. Not on the same day - 4 weeks apart
VZV. On the same day or 4 weeks apart
What is the ACAM2000 vaccine?
First and second generation live vaccinia vaccine for use during smallpox eradication. Still in use outwith UK
What is the backbone to the influenza A portion of the LAIV?
H2N2
Either A/Ann Arbor/6/60 in USA/Europe or A/Leningrad/134/17/57 in Russia
What type of vaccine is the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine and what strain?
Name the two licensed vaccines.
Live attenuated vaccine, Oka strain.
Oka is a mix of VZ genotypes and all have 42 SNPs that differentiate it from WT
Varilrix and Varivax
What is the chickenpox vaccine schedule?
And what is the vaccine effectiveness?
Not for under 9 months
9-12 months primary, second dose 3 months later.
12 months to 12 years primary, second dose 4 weeks later
13+ primary, second dose 6 weeks later
98% protective in child and 75% in adolescents and adults.
Name the shingles vaccine, type of vaccine and schedule.
Shingrix, recombinant vaccine containing glycoprotein E antigen
Licensed for 2 doses 8 weeks apart, however used with interval of between 2-12 months in immunocompetent 60-79 years.
2-6 months for immunocompromised 50+ years
What vaccine coverage is required to avoid outbreaks of yellow fever?
80%
What type of vaccine is the yellow fever vaccine, what is the strain used and what are the contraindications?
Live attenuated 17D strain grown in chick eggs
Complete contraindication - thymectomy, less than 6 months, egg allergy, immunosuppression, pregnant, breastfeeding, 60 years +
