Vaccines

Question 1

Advantages of the oral polio vaccine compared with the killed polio vaccine are all of the following EXCEPT that it
a. elicits IgA as well as IgG synthesis.
b. induces cellular as well as humoral immunity.
c. induces secretion of protective mucosal neutralizing antibodies.
d. is less expensive to administer.
e. is safer to give to immunosuppressed children.

Answer 1

c. induces secretion of protective mucosal neutralizing antibodies.

Question 2

To make a recombinant vaccine to a virus, the virus DNA is expressed
a. covalently linked with a polysaccharide.
b. in a genetic variant of the same virus.
c. in a less virulent vector, which may be a virus or a bacterium.
d. in muscle cells of the immunized person.
e. on an ISCOM.

Answer 2

c. in a less virulent vector, which may be a virus or a bacterium.

Question 3

An advantage of giving passive immunization is that it provides ________ immunity.
a. cellular
b. faster
c. longer lasting
d. more specific
e. safer

Answer 3

b. faster

Question 4

Bacterial polysaccharide vaccines are conjugated to proteins so that
a. the polysaccharide can act as an adjuvant to induce better immunity to the protein.
b. the polysaccharide looks less like blood typing antigens to the immune system.
c. the protein can act as an adjuvant to upregulate B7 expression on APC.
d. the protein can stimulate T cell help for polysaccharide-specific B cells.
e. none of the above.

Answer 4

d. the protein can stimulate T cell help for polysaccharide-specific B cells.

Question 5

Hepatitis B surface antigen vaccine, a recombinant vaccine produced in yeast cells,
a. cannot be given to immunosuppressed children.
b. employs the yeast cells as an adjuvant to increase its immunogenicity.
c. is less safe to administer than killed Hepatitis B virus vaccine.
d. is more immunogenic than the whole Hepatitis virus would be.
e. requires several boosters because it is also a subunit vaccine.

Answer 5

d. is more immunogenic than the whole Hepatitis virus would be.

Question 6

Passive immunization to a bacterial toxin would be recommended if
a. exposure to the toxin had already occurred in an unimmunized person.
b. the person who needed the immunization had been recently immunized with the toxoid.
c. the toxin could not reproduce in the body.
d. the toxin was not immunogenic.
e. the toxoid was available only as part of a conjugate vaccine.

Answer 6

a. exposure to the toxin had already occurred in an unimmunized person.

Question 7

ISCOMs
a. are DNA vaccines.
b. are safe replicating vectors for recombinant vaccines.
c. stimulate APC to upregulate their B7 levels.
d. transport peptide vaccines into APC cytoplasm so they can be presented on Class I MHC.
d. transport killed viruses into T cell cytoplasm so they can induce cellular immunity.

Answer 7

c. stimulate APC to upregulate their B7 levels.